SigG

• Description: RNA polymerase sporulation forespore-specific (late) sigma factor SigG
  
  

Gene name	sigG
Synonyms	spoIIIG
Essential	no
Product	RNA polymerase sporulation forespore-specific (late) sigma factor SigG
Function	transcription of sporulation genes (late forespore)
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: sigG
Interactions involving this protein in SubtInteract: SigG
MW, pI	29 kDa, 5.496
Gene length, protein length	780 bp, 260 aa
Immediate neighbours	sigE, ylmA
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

transcription, sigma factors and their control, sporulation proteins

This gene is a member of the following regulons

AbrB regulon, SigF regulon, SigG regulon, SinR regulon, Spo0A regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU15330

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU15330

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:

• Protein family: sigma-70 factor family (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s): SigF

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactors:

• Effectors of protein activity:
  • Gin inhibits SigG activity PubMed
  • the activity of SigG-containing RNA polymerase is modulated by YlyA PubMed

• Interactions:
  • SigG-RpoB-RpoC
  • Gin-SigG PubMed, SpoIIAB-SigG PubMed

• Localization:

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU15330

• Structure:

• UniProt: P19940

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon:
  • spoIIGA-sigE-sigG PubMed
  • sigG PubMed

• Expression browser: sigG PubMed

• Sigma factor:
  • spoIIGA: SigA PubMed
  • sigG: SigF, SigG PubMed

• Regulation:
  • spoIIGA: expressed under conditions that trigger sporulation (Spo0A) PubMed
  • sigG: expressed during sporulation (SigF, SigG) PubMed
  • the mRNA accumulates in a ymdB mutant PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • repression by SinR
  • Spo0A: transcription activation PubMed
  • AbrB: transcription repression PubMed

• Additional information:
  • the mRNA half-life is about 2.6 min PubMed

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

Labs working on this gene/protein

Charles Moran, Emory University, NC, USA homepage

References

The SigG regulon

Stephanie T Wang, Barbara Setlow, Erin M Conlon, Jessica L Lyon, Daisuke Imamura, Tsutomu Sato, Peter Setlow, Richard Losick, Patrick Eichenberger
The forespore line of gene expression in Bacillus subtilis.
J Mol Biol: 2006, 358(1);16-37
[PubMed:16497325] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Original Publications

Christine Diethmaier, Joseph A Newman, Akos T Kovács, Volkhard Kaever, Christina Herzberg, Cecilia Rodrigues, Mirjam Boonstra, Oscar P Kuipers, Richard J Lewis, Jörg Stülke
The YmdB phosphodiesterase is a global regulator of late adaptive responses in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2014, 196(2);265-75
[PubMed:24163345] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Bjorn A Traag, Arturo Ramirez-Peralta, Anna F Wang Erickson, Peter Setlow, Richard Losick
A novel RNA polymerase-binding protein controlling genes involved in spore germination in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2013, 89(1);113-22
[PubMed:23678950] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Genevieve Regan, Mitsuhiro Itaya, Patrick J Piggot
Coupling of σG activation to completion of engulfment during sporulation of Bacillus subtilis survives large perturbations to DNA translocation and replication.
J Bacteriol: 2012, 194(22);6264-71
[PubMed:22984259] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Mónica Serrano, Gonçalo Real, Joana Santos, Jorge Carneiro, Charles P Moran, Adriano O Henriques
A negative feedback loop that limits the ectopic activation of a cell type-specific sporulation sigma factor of Bacillus subtilis.
PLoS Genet: 2011, 7(9);e1002220
[PubMed:21935351] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Onuma Chumsakul, Hiroki Takahashi, Taku Oshima, Takahiro Hishimoto, Shigehiko Kanaya, Naotake Ogasawara, Shu Ishikawa
Genome-wide binding profiles of the Bacillus subtilis transition state regulator AbrB and its homolog Abh reveals their interactive role in transcriptional regulation.
Nucleic Acids Res: 2011, 39(2);414-28
[PubMed:20817675] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Lamya Rhayat, Sandra Duperrier, Rut Carballido-López, Olivier Pellegrini, Patrick Stragier
Genetic dissection of an inhibitor of the sporulation sigma factor sigma(G).
J Mol Biol: 2009, 390(5);835-44
[PubMed:19497328] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Amy H Camp, Richard Losick
A feeding tube model for activation of a cell-specific transcription factor during sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.
Genes Dev: 2009, 23(8);1014-24
[PubMed:19390092] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Mónica Serrano, Filipe Vieira, Charles P Moran, Adriano O Henriques
Processing of a membrane protein required for cell-to-cell signaling during endospore formation in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2008, 190(23);7786-96
[PubMed:18820020] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Amy H Camp, Richard Losick
A novel pathway of intercellular signalling in Bacillus subtilis involves a protein with similarity to a component of type III secretion channels.
Mol Microbiol: 2008, 69(2);402-17
[PubMed:18485064] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Takao Igarashi, Peter Setlow
Transcription of the Bacillus subtilis gerK operon, which encodes a spore germinant receptor, and comparison with that of operons encoding other germinant receptors.
J Bacteriol: 2006, 188(11);4131-6
[PubMed:16707705] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Louise Evans, Andrea Feucht, Jeff Errington
Genetic analysis of the Bacillus subtilis sigG promoter, which controls the sporulation-specific transcription factor sigma G.
Microbiology (Reading): 2004, 150(Pt 7);2277-2287
[PubMed:15256570] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Mónica Serrano, Alexandre Neves, Cláudio M Soares, Charles P Moran, Adriano O Henriques
Role of the anti-sigma factor SpoIIAB in regulation of sigmaG during Bacillus subtilis sporulation.
J Bacteriol: 2004, 186(12);4000-13
[PubMed:15175314] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Louise Evans, Joanna Clarkson, Michael D Yudkin, Jeff Errington, Andrea Feucht
Analysis of the interaction between the transcription factor sigmaG and the anti-sigma factor SpoIIAB of Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2003, 185(15);4615-9
[PubMed:12867473] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Mónica Serrano, Luísa Côrte, Jason Opdyke, Charles P Moran, Adriano O Henriques
Expression of spoIIIJ in the prespore is sufficient for activation of sigma G and for sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2003, 185(13);3905-17
[PubMed:12813085] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

A Cabrera-Hernandez, P Setlow
Analysis of the regulation and function of five genes encoding small, acid-soluble spore proteins of Bacillus subtilis.
Gene: 2000, 248(1-2);169-81
[PubMed:10806362] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

I Bagyan, B Setlow, P Setlow
New small, acid-soluble proteins unique to spores of Bacillus subtilis: identification of the coding genes and regulation and function of two of these genes.
J Bacteriol: 1998, 180(24);6704-12
[PubMed:9852018] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

C Fabret, J A Hoch
A two-component signal transduction system essential for growth of Bacillus subtilis: implications for anti-infective therapy.
J Bacteriol: 1998, 180(23);6375-83
[PubMed:9829949] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

M Gomez, S M Cutting
Expression of the Bacillus subtilis spoIVB gene is under dual sigma F/sigma G control.
Microbiology (Reading): 1996, 142 ( Pt 12);3453-7
[PubMed:9004507] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

E M Kellner, A Decatur, C P Moran
Two-stage regulation of an anti-sigma factor determines developmental fate during bacterial endospore formation.
Mol Microbiol: 1996, 21(5);913-24
[PubMed:8885263] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

R Schmidt, A L Decatur, P N Rather, C P Moran, R Losick
Bacillus subtilis lon protease prevents inappropriate transcription of genes under the control of the sporulation transcription factor sigma G.
J Bacteriol: 1994, 176(21);6528-37
[PubMed:7961403] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

D Foulger, J Errington
Effects of new mutations in the spoIIAB gene of Bacillus subtilis on the regulation of sigma F and sigma G activities.
J Gen Microbiol: 1993, 139(12);3197-203
[PubMed:8126438] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

S R Partridge, J Errington
The importance of morphological events and intercellular interactions in the regulation of prespore-specific gene expression during sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 1993, 8(5);945-55
[PubMed:8355618] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

J Errington, L Appleby, R A Daniel, H Goodfellow, S R Partridge, M D Yudkin
Structure and function of the spoIIIJ gene of Bacillus subtilis: a vegetatively expressed gene that is essential for sigma G activity at an intermediate stage of sporulation.
J Gen Microbiol: 1992, 138(12);2609-18
[PubMed:1487728] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

N Illing, J Errington
Genetic regulation of morphogenesis in Bacillus subtilis: roles of sigma E and sigma F in prespore engulfment.
J Bacteriol: 1991, 173(10);3159-69
[PubMed:1902463] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

D X Sun, R M Cabrera-Martinez, P Setlow
Control of transcription of the Bacillus subtilis spoIIIG gene, which codes for the forespore-specific transcription factor sigma G.
J Bacteriol: 1991, 173(9);2977-84
[PubMed:1902213] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

P Fajardo-Cavazos, F Tovar-Rojo, P Setlow
Effect of promoter mutations and upstream deletions on the expression of genes coding for small, acid-soluble spore proteins of Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 1991, 173(6);2011-6
[PubMed:1900507] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Y Nakatani, W L Nicholson, K D Neitzke, P Setlow, E Freese
Sigma-G RNA polymerase controls forespore-specific expression of the glucose dehydrogenase operon in Bacillus subtilis.
Nucleic Acids Res: 1989, 17(3);999-1017
[PubMed:2493633] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

D X Sun, P Stragier, P Setlow
Identification of a new sigma-factor involved in compartmentalized gene expression during sporulation of Bacillus subtilis.
Genes Dev: 1989, 3(2);141-9
[PubMed:2497051] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

R M Jonas, E A Weaver, T J Kenney, C P Moran, W G Haldenwang
The Bacillus subtilis spoIIG operon encodes both sigma E and a gene necessary for sigma E activation.
J Bacteriol: 1988, 170(2);507-11
[PubMed:2448286] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)