Difference between revisions of "FlhG"

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* '''Description:''' swarming motility protein <br/><br/>
+
* '''Description:''' GTPase activating protein, activates [[FlhF]], activates assembly of the flagellar C ring, control of flagellar basal body position <br/><br/>
  
 
{| align="right" border="1" cellpadding="2"  
 
{| align="right" border="1" cellpadding="2"  
 
|-
 
|-
 
|style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Gene name'''
 
|style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Gene name'''
−
|''swrC ''
+
|''flhG ''
 
|-
 
|-
−
|style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Synonyms''' || ''ylxH''
+
|style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Synonyms''' || ''ylxH ''
 
|-
 
|-
 
|style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Essential''' || no  
 
|style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Essential''' || no  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Product''' || swarming motility protein  
+
|style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''Product''' || GTPase activating protein  
 
|-
 
|-
−
|style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Function''' || self-resistance to surfactin and swarming motility
+
|style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Function''' || activation of [[FlhF]]
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2" style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"| '''Gene expression levels in [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/apps/expression/ ''Subti''Express]''': [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/apps/expression/expression.php?search=BSU16410 flhG]
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2" style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"| '''Interactions involving this protein in [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/interact/ ''Subt''Interact]''': [http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/interact/index.php?protein=FlhG FlhG]
 
|-
 
|-
 
|style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''MW, pI''' || 33 kDa, 9.648   
 
|style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"| '''MW, pI''' || 33 kDa, 9.648   
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|style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Immediate neighbours''' || ''[[flhF]]'', ''[[cheB]]''
 
|style="background:#ABCDEF;" align="center"|'''Immediate neighbours''' || ''[[flhF]]'', ''[[cheB]]''
 
|-
 
|-
−
|colspan="2" style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"|'''Get the DNA and protein [http://srs.ebi.ac.uk/srsbin/cgi-bin/wgetz?-e+&#91;EMBLCDS:CAB13514&#93;+-newId sequences] <br/> (Barbe ''et al.'', 2009)'''
+
|style="background:#FAF8CC;" align="center"|'''Sequences'''||[http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/sequence-aa?type=GENE&object=BSU16410 Protein] [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/sequence?type=GENE&object=BSU16410 DNA] [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/seq-selector?chromosome=CHROM-1&object=BSU16410 DNA_with_flanks]
 
|-
 
|-
 
|colspan="2" | '''Genetic context''' <br/> [[Image:ylxH_context.gif]]
 
|colspan="2" | '''Genetic context''' <br/> [[Image:ylxH_context.gif]]
 
  <div align="right"> <small>This image was kindly provided by [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/ SubtiList]</small></div>
 
  <div align="right"> <small>This image was kindly provided by [http://genolist.pasteur.fr/SubtiList/ SubtiList]</small></div>
 +
|-
 +
|colspan="2" |'''[http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/cgi-bin/seb/viewdetail.py?id=ylxH_1710838_1711734_1 Expression at a glance]'''&#160;&#160;&#160;{{PubMed|22383849}}<br/>[[Image:ylxH_expression.png|500px|link=http://subtiwiki.uni-goettingen.de/apps/expression/expression.php?search=BSU16410]]
 
|-
 
|-
 
|}
 
|}
  
 
__TOC__
 
__TOC__
 +
<br/><br/><br/><br/>
 +
<br/><br/><br/><br/>
 +
<br/><br/><br/><br/>
 +
<br/><br/>
  
−
<br/><br/>
+
= [[Categories]] containing this gene/protein =
 +
{{SubtiWiki category|[[motility and chemotaxis]]}},
 +
{{SubtiWiki category|[[resistance against toxins/ antibiotics]]}}
 +
 
 +
= This gene is a member of the following [[regulons]] =
 +
{{SubtiWiki regulon|[[CodY regulon]]}},
 +
{{SubtiWiki regulon|[[DegU regulon]]}},
 +
{{SubtiWiki regulon|[[SigD regulon]]}},
 +
{{SubtiWiki regulon|[[Spo0A regulon]]}}
  
 
=The gene=
 
=The gene=
Line 39: Line 57:
 
===Phenotypes of a mutant ===
 
===Phenotypes of a mutant ===
  
−
susceptible to acriflavine and ethidium bromide, and severe growth inhibition as surfactin concentration increased up to 100ug/ml.
+
* susceptible to acriflavine and ethidium bromide, and severe growth inhibition as surfactin concentration increased up to 100ug/ml.
  
 
=== Database entries ===
 
=== Database entries ===
 +
* '''BsubCyc:''' [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/NEW-IMAGE?type=NIL&object=BSU16410&redirect=T BSU16410]
  
 
* '''DBTBS entry:''' [http://dbtbs.hgc.jp/COG/prom/fla-che.html]
 
* '''DBTBS entry:''' [http://dbtbs.hgc.jp/COG/prom/fla-che.html]
Line 55: Line 74:
  
 
* '''Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:'''  
 
* '''Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:'''  
 +
** binds [[FlhF]] and stimulates its GTPase activity {{PubMed|22056770}}
 +
** controls the distance between the flagellar bodies {{PubMed|23190039}}
  
 
* '''Protein family:''' View classification (according to Swiss-Prot)
 
* '''Protein family:''' View classification (according to Swiss-Prot)
Line 64: Line 85:
 
* '''Kinetic information:'''
 
* '''Kinetic information:'''
  
−
* '''Domains:'''  
+
* '''[[Domains]]:'''  
  
 
* '''Modification:'''
 
* '''Modification:'''
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* '''Effectors of protein activity:'''
 
* '''Effectors of protein activity:'''
  
−
* '''Interactions:'''
+
* '''[[SubtInteract|Interactions]]:'''  
 +
** forms homodimers {{PubMed|25733861}}
 +
** [[FlhG]]-[[FlhF]] ([[FlhG]] binds the GTP-bound homodimer of [[FlhF]]) {{PubMed|22056770}}
 +
** [[FlhG]]-([[FliY]]-[[FliM]])-[[FliG]] {{PubMed|25733861}}
  
−
* '''Localization:''' Cytoplasm (Homogeneous) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/16479537 PubMed]
+
* '''[[Localization]]:''' cytoplasm (homogeneous) and flagellar basal body {{PubMed|25733861,16479537}}
  
 
=== Database entries ===
 
=== Database entries ===
 +
* '''BsubCyc:''' [http://bsubcyc.org/BSUB/NEW-IMAGE?type=NIL&object=BSU16410&redirect=T BSU16410]
  
−
* '''Structure:'''
+
* '''Structure:'''  
 +
** [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore/explore.do?structureId=4RZ3 4RZ3] (from ''Geobacillus thermodenitrificans'') {{PubMed|25733861}}
 +
** [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3SYN 3SYN] (complex with [[FlhF]]) {{PubMed|22056770}}
  
−
* '''Swiss prot entry:''' [http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P40742 P40742]
+
* '''UniProt:'''  
 +
** [http://www.uniprot.org/uniprot/P40742 P40742]
 +
** [http://www.rcsb.org/pdb/explore.do?structureId=3SYN 3SYN] (complex with [[FlhF]]) {{PubMed|22056770}}
  
−
* '''KEGG entry:''' [http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?bsu+BSU16410]
+
* '''KEGG entry:''' [http://www.genome.jp/dbget-bin/www_bget?bsu:BSU16410]
  
 
* '''E.C. number:'''
 
* '''E.C. number:'''
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=Expression and regulation=
 
=Expression and regulation=
 +
* '''Operon:''' part of the [[fla-che operon]]
 +
** ''[[flgB]]-[[flgC]]-[[fliE]]-[[fliF]]-[[fliG]]-[[fliH]]-[[fliI]]-[[fliJ]]-[[ylxF]]-[[fliK]]-[[flgD]]-[[flgE]]-[[fliL]]-[[fliM]]-[[fliY]]-[[cheY]]-[[fliZ]]-[[fliP]]-[[fliQ]]-[[fliR]]-[[flhB]]-[[flhA]]-[[flhF]]-[[flhG]]-[[cheB]]-[[cheA]]-[[cheW]]-[[cheC]]-[[cheD]]-[[sigD]]-[[swrB]]'' {{PubMed|9657996,8157612,15175317}}
 +
** ''[[ylxF]]-[[fliK]]-[[flgD]]-[[flgE]]-[[fliL]]-[[fliM]]-[[fliY]]-[[cheY]]-[[fliZ]]-[[fliP]]-[[fliQ]]-[[fliR]]-[[flhB]]-[[flhA]]-[[flhF]]-[[flhG]]-[[cheB]]-[[cheA]]-[[cheW]]-[[cheC]]-[[cheD]]-[[sigD]]-[[swrB]]'' {{PubMed|20233303}}
  
−
* '''Operon:'''  
+
* '''Expression browser:''' [http://genome.jouy.inra.fr/cgi-bin/seb/viewdetail.py?id=ylxH_1710838_1711734_1 ylxH] {{PubMed|22383849}}
  
−
* '''Sigma factor:'''  
+
* '''[[Sigma factor]]:'''  
 +
** ''[[flgB]]'': [[SigA]] {{PubMed|9657996}}, [[SigD]] {{PubMed|9657996}}
 +
** ''[[ylxF]]'': [[SigD]] {{PubMed|20233303}}
  
−
* '''Regulation:'''  
+
* '''Regulation:''' see [[fla-che operon]]
−
** repressed under conditions that trigger sporulation ([[Spo0A]]) [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/14651647 PubMed]
 
  
−
* '''Regulatory mechanism:'''  
+
* '''Regulatory mechanism:''' see [[fla-che operon]]
−
** [[Spo0A]]: transcription repression [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/14651647 PubMed]
 
  
−
* '''Additional information:'''  
+
* '''Additional information:'''
  
 
=Biological materials =
 
=Biological materials =
Line 121: Line 153:
  
 
=References=
 
=References=
 +
==Reviews==
 +
<pubmed> 26195616,, </pubmed>
 +
==Original Publications==
 +
<pubmed>15066026,17850253,14651647, 16479537 9657996,8157612,15175317 22056770 23190039 24386445 25733861</pubmed>
  
−
<pubmed>14651647, 16479537</pubmed>
+
[[Category:Protein-coding genes]]
−
# Author1, Author2 & Author3 (year) Title ''Journal'' '''volume:''' page-page. [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/sites/entrez/PMID PubMed]
 

Latest revision as of 10:54, 24 July 2015

  • Description: GTPase activating protein, activates FlhF, activates assembly of the flagellar C ring, control of flagellar basal body position

Gene name flhG
Synonyms ylxH
Essential no
Product GTPase activating protein
Function activation of FlhF
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: flhG
Interactions involving this protein in SubtInteract: FlhG
MW, pI 33 kDa, 9.648
Gene length, protein length 894 bp, 298 aa
Immediate neighbours flhF, cheB
Sequences Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context
YlxH context.gif
This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed
YlxH expression.png















Categories containing this gene/protein

motility and chemotaxis, resistance against toxins/ antibiotics

This gene is a member of the following regulons

CodY regulon, DegU regulon, SigD regulon, Spo0A regulon

The gene

Basic information

  • Locus tag: BSU16410

Phenotypes of a mutant

  • susceptible to acriflavine and ethidium bromide, and severe growth inhibition as surfactin concentration increased up to 100ug/ml.

Database entries

  • DBTBS entry: [1]
  • SubtiList entry: [2]

Additional information

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

  • Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:
    • binds FlhF and stimulates its GTPase activity PubMed
    • controls the distance between the flagellar bodies PubMed
  • Protein family: View classification (according to Swiss-Prot)
  • Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

  • Kinetic information:
  • Modification:
  • Cofactor(s):
  • Effectors of protein activity:

Database entries

  • KEGG entry: [3]
  • E.C. number:

Additional information

Expression and regulation

  • Additional information:

Biological materials

  • Mutant:
  • Expression vector:
  • lacZ fusion:
  • GFP fusion:
  • two-hybrid system:
  • Antibody:

Labs working on this gene/protein

Your additional remarks

References

Reviews

Jan S Schuhmacher, Kai M Thormann, Gert Bange
How bacteria maintain location and number of flagella?
FEMS Microbiol Rev: 2015, 39(6);812-22
[PubMed:26195616] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Original Publications

Jan S Schuhmacher, Florian Rossmann, Felix Dempwolff, Carina Knauer, Florian Altegoer, Wieland Steinchen, Anja K Dörrich, Andreas Klingl, Milena Stephan, Uwe Linne, Kai M Thormann, Gert Bange
MinD-like ATPase FlhG effects location and number of bacterial flagella during C-ring assembly.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A: 2015, 112(10);3092-7
[PubMed:25733861] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Serena Mordini, Cecilia Osera, Simone Marini, Francesco Scavone, Riccardo Bellazzi, Alessandro Galizzi, Cinzia Calvio
The role of SwrA, DegU and P(D3) in fla/che expression in B. subtilis.
PLoS One: 2013, 8(12);e85065
[PubMed:24386445] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Sarah B Guttenplan, Sidney Shaw, Daniel B Kearns
The cell biology of peritrichous flagella in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2013, 87(1);211-29
[PubMed:23190039] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Gert Bange, Nico Kümmerer, Przemyslaw Grudnik, Robert Lindner, Georg Petzold, Dieter Kressler, Ed Hurt, Klemens Wild, Irmgard Sinning
Structural basis for the molecular evolution of SRP-GTPase activation by protein.
Nat Struct Mol Biol: 2011, 18(12);1376-80
[PubMed:22056770] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Kazuo Kobayashi
Gradual activation of the response regulator DegU controls serial expression of genes for flagellum formation and biofilm formation in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2007, 66(2);395-409
[PubMed:17850253] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Jean-Christophe Meile, Ling Juan Wu, S Dusko Ehrlich, Jeff Errington, Philippe Noirot
Systematic localisation of proteins fused to the green fluorescent protein in Bacillus subtilis: identification of new proteins at the DNA replication factory.
Proteomics: 2006, 6(7);2135-46
[PubMed:16479537] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

H Werhane, P Lopez, M Mendel, M Zimmer, G W Ordal, L M Márquez-Magaña
The last gene of the fla/che operon in Bacillus subtilis, ylxL, is required for maximal sigmaD function.
J Bacteriol: 2004, 186(12);4025-9
[PubMed:15175317] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Daniel B Kearns, Frances Chu, Rivka Rudner, Richard Losick
Genes governing swarming in Bacillus subtilis and evidence for a phase variation mechanism controlling surface motility.
Mol Microbiol: 2004, 52(2);357-69
[PubMed:15066026] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Virginie Molle, Masaya Fujita, Shane T Jensen, Patrick Eichenberger, José E González-Pastor, Jun S Liu, Richard Losick
The Spo0A regulon of Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2003, 50(5);1683-701
[PubMed:14651647] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

W Estacio, S S Anna-Arriola, M Adedipe, L M Márquez-Magaña
Dual promoters are responsible for transcription initiation of the fla/che operon in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 1998, 180(14);3548-55
[PubMed:9657996] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

L M Márquez-Magaña, M J Chamberlin
Characterization of the sigD transcription unit of Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 1994, 176(8);2427-34
[PubMed:8157612] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

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