FlhG

• Description: GTPase activating protein, activates FlhF, control of flagellar basal body position
  
  

Gene name	flhG
Synonyms	ylxH
Essential	no
Product	GTPase activating protein
Function	activation of FlhF
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: flhG
Interactions involving this protein in SubtInteract: FlhG
MW, pI	33 kDa, 9.648
Gene length, protein length	894 bp, 298 aa
Immediate neighbours	flhF, cheB
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

motility and chemotaxis, resistance against toxins/ antibiotics

This gene is a member of the following regulons

CodY regulon, DegU regulon, SigD regulon, Spo0A regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU16410

Phenotypes of a mutant

• susceptible to acriflavine and ethidium bromide, and severe growth inhibition as surfactin concentration increased up to 100ug/ml.

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU16410

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:
  • binds FlhF and stimulates its GTPase activity PubMed
  • controls the distance between the flagellar bodies PubMed

• Protein family: View classification (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:
  • forms homodimers PubMed
  • FlhG-FlhF (FlhG binds the GTP-bound homodimer of FlhF) PubMed
  • FlhG-(FliY-FliM)-FliG PubMed

• Localization: cytoplasm (homogeneous) and flagellar basal body PubMed

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU16410

• Structure:
  • 4RZ3 (from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans) PubMed
  • 3SYN (complex with FlhF) PubMed

• UniProt:
  • P40742
  • 3SYN (complex with FlhF) PubMed

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon: part of the fla-che operon
  • flgB-flgC-fliE-fliF-fliG-fliH-fliI-fliJ-ylxF-fliK-flgD-flgE-fliL-fliM-fliY-cheY-fliZ-fliP-fliQ-fliR-flhB-flhA-flhF-flhG-cheB-cheA-cheW-cheC-cheD-sigD-swrB PubMed
  • ylxF-fliK-flgD-flgE-fliL-fliM-fliY-cheY-fliZ-fliP-fliQ-fliR-flhB-flhA-flhF-flhG-cheB-cheA-cheW-cheC-cheD-sigD-swrB PubMed

• Expression browser: ylxH PubMed

• Sigma factor:
  • flgB: SigA PubMed, SigD PubMed
  • ylxF: SigD PubMed

• Regulation: see fla-che operon

• Regulatory mechanism: see fla-che operon

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Jan S Schuhmacher, Florian Rossmann, Felix Dempwolff, Carina Knauer, Florian Altegoer, Wieland Steinchen, Anja K Dörrich, Andreas Klingl, Milena Stephan, Uwe Linne, Kai M Thormann, Gert Bange
MinD-like ATPase FlhG effects location and number of bacterial flagella during C-ring assembly.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A: 2015, 112(10);3092-7
[PubMed:25733861] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Serena Mordini, Cecilia Osera, Simone Marini, Francesco Scavone, Riccardo Bellazzi, Alessandro Galizzi, Cinzia Calvio
The role of SwrA, DegU and P(D3) in fla/che expression in B. subtilis.
PLoS One: 2013, 8(12);e85065
[PubMed:24386445] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Sarah B Guttenplan, Sidney Shaw, Daniel B Kearns
The cell biology of peritrichous flagella in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2013, 87(1);211-29
[PubMed:23190039] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Gert Bange, Nico Kümmerer, Przemyslaw Grudnik, Robert Lindner, Georg Petzold, Dieter Kressler, Ed Hurt, Klemens Wild, Irmgard Sinning
Structural basis for the molecular evolution of SRP-GTPase activation by protein.
Nat Struct Mol Biol: 2011, 18(12);1376-80
[PubMed:22056770] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Kazuo Kobayashi
Gradual activation of the response regulator DegU controls serial expression of genes for flagellum formation and biofilm formation in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2007, 66(2);395-409
[PubMed:17850253] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Jean-Christophe Meile, Ling Juan Wu, S Dusko Ehrlich, Jeff Errington, Philippe Noirot
Systematic localisation of proteins fused to the green fluorescent protein in Bacillus subtilis: identification of new proteins at the DNA replication factory.
Proteomics: 2006, 6(7);2135-46
[PubMed:16479537] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

H Werhane, P Lopez, M Mendel, M Zimmer, G W Ordal, L M Márquez-Magaña
The last gene of the fla/che operon in Bacillus subtilis, ylxL, is required for maximal sigmaD function.
J Bacteriol: 2004, 186(12);4025-9
[PubMed:15175317] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Daniel B Kearns, Frances Chu, Rivka Rudner, Richard Losick
Genes governing swarming in Bacillus subtilis and evidence for a phase variation mechanism controlling surface motility.
Mol Microbiol: 2004, 52(2);357-69
[PubMed:15066026] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Virginie Molle, Masaya Fujita, Shane T Jensen, Patrick Eichenberger, José E González-Pastor, Jun S Liu, Richard Losick
The Spo0A regulon of Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2003, 50(5);1683-701
[PubMed:14651647] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

W Estacio, S S Anna-Arriola, M Adedipe, L M Márquez-Magaña
Dual promoters are responsible for transcription initiation of the fla/che operon in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 1998, 180(14);3548-55
[PubMed:9657996] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

L M Márquez-Magaña, M J Chamberlin
Characterization of the sigD transcription unit of Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 1994, 176(8);2427-34
[PubMed:8157612] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)