SspA

• Description: small acid-soluble spore protein (major alpha-type SASP)
  
  

Gene name	sspA
Synonyms
Essential	no
Product	small acid-soluble spore protein (major alpha-type SASP)
Function	protection of spore DNA
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: sspA
MW, pI	6 kDa, 4.731
Gene length, protein length	207 bp, 69 aa
Immediate neighbours	ytcI, thiI
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

sporulation proteins

This gene is a member of the following regulons

SigG regulon, SpoVT regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU29570

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:

• Protein family: alpha/beta-type SASP family (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization:

Database entries

• Structure: 2BZ0 (82% identity, 89% similarity)

• UniProt: P04831

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon: sspA PubMed

• Expression browser: sspA PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigG PubMed

• Regulation:
  • expressed late during sporulation in the forespore (SigG, SpoVT) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • SpoVT: transcription activation PubMed

• Additional information: the mRNA is very stable (half-life > 15 min) PubMed

Biological materials

• Mutant:
  • 1S109 (no resistance), available at BGSC
  • 1S111 (no resistance), PubMed, available at BGSC
  • 1S112 (no resistance), PubMed, available at BGSC
  • 1S113 (no resistance), PubMed, available at BGSC

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Ralf Moeller, Andrew C Schuerger, Günther Reitz, Wayne L Nicholson
Protective role of spore structural components in determining Bacillus subtilis spore resistance to simulated mars surface conditions.
Appl Environ Microbiol: 2012, 78(24);8849-53
[PubMed:23064347] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Ralf Moeller, Peter Setlow, Günther Reitz, Wayne L Nicholson
Roles of small, acid-soluble spore proteins and core water content in survival of Bacillus subtilis spores exposed to environmental solar UV radiation.
Appl Environ Microbiol: 2009, 75(16);5202-8
[PubMed:19542328] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Barbara Setlow, Swaroopa Atluri, Ryan Kitchel, Kasia Koziol-Dube, Peter Setlow
Role of dipicolinic acid in resistance and stability of spores of Bacillus subtilis with or without DNA-protective alpha/beta-type small acid-soluble proteins.
J Bacteriol: 2006, 188(11);3740-7
[PubMed:16707666] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Leif Steil, Mónica Serrano, Adriano O Henriques, Uwe Völker
Genome-wide analysis of temporally regulated and compartment-specific gene expression in sporulating cells of Bacillus subtilis.
Microbiology (Reading): 2005, 151(Pt 2);399-420
[PubMed:15699190] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Thierry Douki, Barbara Setlow, Peter Setlow
Effects of the binding of alpha/beta-type small, acid-soluble spore proteins on the photochemistry of DNA in spores of Bacillus subtilis and in vitro.
Photochem Photobiol: 2005, 81(1);163-9
[PubMed:15458366] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

G Hambraeus, C von Wachenfeldt, L Hederstedt
Genome-wide survey of mRNA half-lives in Bacillus subtilis identifies extremely stable mRNAs.
Mol Genet Genomics: 2003, 269(5);706-14
[PubMed:12884008] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

B Setlow, K A McGinnis, K Ragkousi, P Setlow
Effects of major spore-specific DNA binding proteins on Bacillus subtilis sporulation and spore properties.
J Bacteriol: 2000, 182(24);6906-12
[PubMed:11092849] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

I Bagyan, J Hobot, S Cutting
A compartmentalized regulator of developmental gene expression in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 1996, 178(15);4500-7
[PubMed:8755877] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

B Setlow, P Setlow
Binding to DNA protects alpha/beta-type, small, acid-soluble spore proteins of Bacillus and Clostridium species against digestion by their specific protease as well as by other proteases.
J Bacteriol: 1995, 177(14);4149-51
[PubMed:7608092] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

J M Mason, P Fajardo-Cavazos, P Setlow
Levels of mRNAs which code for small, acid-soluble spore proteins and their LacZ gene fusions in sporulating cells of Bacillus subtilis.
Nucleic Acids Res: 1988, 16(14A);6567-83
[PubMed:2456528] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

R H Hackett, P Setlow
Properties of spores of Bacillus subtilis strains which lack the major small, acid-soluble protein.
J Bacteriol: 1988, 170(3);1403-4
[PubMed:3125155] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

J M Mason, P Setlow
Essential role of small, acid-soluble spore proteins in resistance of Bacillus subtilis spores to UV light.
J Bacteriol: 1986, 167(1);174-8
[PubMed:3087950] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

M J Connors, J M Mason, P Setlow
Cloning and nucleotide sequencing of genes for three small, acid-soluble proteins from Bacillus subtilis spores.
J Bacteriol: 1986, 166(2);417-25
[PubMed:3009398] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)