Resistance against toxins/ antibiotics

Parent categories	4. Lifestyles 4.3. Coping with stress
Neighbouring categories	4.3.1. General stress proteins (controlled by SigB) 4.3.2. Cell envelope stress proteins (controlled by SigM, W, X, Y) 4.3.3. Acid stress proteins (controlled by YvrI-YvrHa) 4.3.4. Heat shock proteins 4.3.5. Cold stress proteins 4.3.6. Coping with hyper-osmotic stress 4.3.7. Coping with hypo-osmotic stress 4.3.8. Resistance against oxidative and electrophile stress 4.3.9. Resistance against other toxic compounds (nitric oxide, phenolic acids, flavonoids, oxalate) 4.3.10. Resistance against toxic metals 4.3.11. Resistance against toxins/ antibiotics 4.3.12. Biosynthesis of antibacterial compounds 4.3.13. Toxins, antitoxins and immunity against toxins
Related categories	none
Overview on the categories (Excel file) All genes and their categories (Excel file)

Genes in this functional category

• aadK
• bceA
• bceB
• bceR
• bceS
• bmr
• bmrA
• bmrC
• bmrD
• bmrR
• bmrU
• cah
• ebrA
• ebrB
• fosB
• liaF
• liaG
• liaH
• liaI
• liaR
• liaS
• lmrA
• lmrB
• mdr
• mdtP
• mdtR
• mmr
• mta
• penP
• psdA
• psdB
• psdR
• psdS
• sunI
• swrC
• tetB
• tetL
• tmrB
• vmlR
• ybxI
• ydbS
• ydbT
• yfhL
• yknW
• yknX
• yknY
• yknZ
• ylxH
• yqeZ
• yqfA
• yqfB
• yxdJ
• yxdK
• yxdL
• yxdM

Additional candidates (based on similarity)

• bcrC
• ybfO
• ycbJ
• yceJ
• ycnB
• ydeR
• ydfB
• ydfJ
• ydgK
• ydhE
• yfhI
• yfiS
• yfiU
• yfkF
• yfkL
• yfmI
• yfmO
• yfmP
• yfnC
• yhcA
• yhjO
• yitG
• yitZ
• yjbB
• yjiC
• ykuC
• yojK
• yokD
• ypnP
• yqjV
• ytbD
• yttB
• yubD
• yuxJ
• yvaE
• yvkA
• yvmA
• yvqJ
• ywfA
• ywnH
• ywoG
• yxaM
• yxlH
• yyaR
• yybF

Important publications

Sebastian Dintner, Anna Staron, Evi Berchtold, Tobias Petri, Thorsten Mascher, Susanne Gebhard
Coevolution of ABC transporters and two-component regulatory systems as resistance modules against antimicrobial peptides in Firmicutes Bacteria.
J Bacteriol: 2011, 193(15);3851-62
[PubMed:21665979] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Hiroshi Nikaido
Multidrug resistance in bacteria.
Annu Rev Biochem: 2009, 78;119-46
[PubMed:19231985] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)