S-box Element

The S-box element is a riboswitch that controls different genes of sulphur metabolism in response to the presence of S-adenosylmethionine.

• Upon binding of SAM, the riboswitch adopts a terminator structure resulting in transcription termination.
• In the absence of SAM, the riboswitch has the antitermination structure that allows transcription elongation into the controlled gene/ operon.
• S-box riboswitch turnover is initiated by RNase Y PubMed

Genes controlled by a S-box

• cysH-cysP-sat-cysC-ylnD-ylnE-ylnF
• metE
• metI-metC
• metK
• metN-metP-metQ
• mtnK-mtnA
• mtnW-mtnX-mtnB-mtnD
• yitJ-yitI-yitH
• yoaD-yoaC-yoaB
• yxjG
• yxjH

References

Changrui Lu, Fang Ding, Anirban Chowdhury, Vineeta Pradhan, Jerneja Tomsic, W Michael Holmes, Tina M Henkin, Ailong Ke
SAM recognition and conformational switching mechanism in the Bacillus subtilis yitJ S box/SAM-I riboswitch.
J Mol Biol: 2010, 404(5);803-18
[PubMed:20951706] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Karen Shahbabian, Ailar Jamalli, Léna Zig, Harald Putzer
RNase Y, a novel endoribonuclease, initiates riboswitch turnover in Bacillus subtilis.
EMBO J: 2009, 28(22);3523-33
[PubMed:19779461] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Joy Xin Wang, Ronald R Breaker
Riboswitches that sense S-adenosylmethionine and S-adenosylhomocysteine.
Biochem Cell Biol: 2008, 86(2);157-68
[PubMed:18443629] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Jerneja Tomsic, Brooke A McDaniel, Frank J Grundy, Tina M Henkin
Natural variability in S-adenosylmethionine (SAM)-dependent riboswitches: S-box elements in bacillus subtilis exhibit differential sensitivity to SAM In vivo and in vitro.
J Bacteriol: 2008, 190(3);823-33
[PubMed:18039762] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

T M Henkin, F J Grundy
Sensing metabolic signals with nascent RNA transcripts: the T box and S box riboswitches as paradigms.
Cold Spring Harb Symp Quant Biol: 2006, 71;231-7
[PubMed:17381302] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Maumita Mandal, Benjamin Boese, Jeffrey E Barrick, Wade C Winkler, Ronald R Breaker
Riboswitches control fundamental biochemical pathways in Bacillus subtilis and other bacteria.
Cell: 2003, 113(5);577-86
[PubMed:12787499] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Brooke A Murphy McDaniel, Frank J Grundy, Irina Artsimovitch, Tina M Henkin
Transcription termination control of the S box system: direct measurement of S-adenosylmethionine by the leader RNA.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A: 2003, 100(6);3083-8
[PubMed:12626738] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)