CcpA

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  • Description: Carbon catabolite control protein A, involved in glucose regulation of many genes; represses catabolic genes and activates genes involved in excretion of excess carbon

Gene name ccpA
Synonyms graR, alsA, amyR
Essential no
Product transcriptional regulator
Function mediates carbon catabolite repression (CCR)
MW, pI 36,8 kDa, 5.06
Gene length, protein length 1002 bp, 334 amino acids
Immediate neighbours aroA, motP
Get the DNA and protein sequences
(Barbe et al., 2009)
Genetic context
CcpA context.gif
This image was kindly provided by SubtiList




The gene

Basic information

  • Locus tag: BSU29740

Phenotypes of a mutant

Loss of carbon catabolite repression. Loss of PTS-dependent sugar transport due to excessive phosphorylation of HPr by HprK. The mutant is unable to grow on a minimal medium with glucose and ammonium as the only sources of carbon and nitrogen, respectively.

Database entries

  • DBTBS entry: [1]
  • SubtiList entry: [2]

Additional information

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

  • Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: transcriptional regulator of carbon catabolite repression (CCR)
  • Protein family: LacI family
  • Paralogous protein(s):

Genes controlled by CcpA

Extended information on the protein

  • Kinetic information:
  • Domains:
    • HTH lacI-type Domain (1 – 58)
    • DNA binding Domain (6 – 25)
  • Modification:
  • Cofactor(s): HPr-Ser46-P, Crh-Ser-46-P
  • Effectors of protein activity:glucose-6-phosphate, fructose-1,6-bisphosphate Pubmed
  • Localization:

Database entries

  • Structure: CcpA-Crh-DNA-complex NCBI, complex with P-Ser-HPr and sulphate ions NCBI
  • KEGG entry: [3]

Additional information

Expression and regulation

  • Sigma factor:
  • Regulation: constitutively expressed PubMed
  • Additional information: there are about 3.000 molecules of CcpA per cell PubMed

Biological materials

  • Mutant: QB5407 (spc), GP302 (erm), GP300 (an in frame deletion of ccpA), available in Stülke lab
  • Expression vector: pGP643 (N-terminal Strep-tag, purification from B. subtilis, for SPINE, in pGP380), available in Stülke lab
  • lacZ fusion:
  • GFP fusion:

Labs working on this gene/protein

Wolfgang Hillen, Erlangen University, Germany Homepage

Richard Brennan, Houston, Texas, USA Homepage

Milton H. Saier, University of California at San Diego, USA Homepage

Yasutaro Fujita, University of Fukuyama, Japan

Jörg Stülke, University of Göttingen, Germany Homepage

Oscar Kuipers, University of Groningen, The Netherlands Homepage

Your additional remarks

References

Reviews


General and physiological studies

Kalpana D Singh, Matthias H Schmalisch, Jörg Stülke, Boris Görke
Carbon catabolite repression in Bacillus subtilis: quantitative analysis of repression exerted by different carbon sources.
J Bacteriol: 2008, 190(21);7275-84
[PubMed:18757537] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Naoya Terahara, Makoto Fujisawa, Benjamin Powers, Tina M Henkin, Terry A Krulwich, Masahiro Ito
An intergenic stem-loop mutation in the Bacillus subtilis ccpA-motPS operon increases motPS transcription and the MotPS contribution to motility.
J Bacteriol: 2006, 188(7);2701-5
[PubMed:16547058] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Ingrid Wacker, Holger Ludwig, Irene Reif, Hans-Matti Blencke, Christian Detsch, Jörg Stülke
The regulatory link between carbon and nitrogen metabolism in Bacillus subtilis: regulation of the gltAB operon by the catabolite control protein CcpA.
Microbiology (Reading): 2003, 149(Pt 10);3001-3009
[PubMed:14523131] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Holger Ludwig, Nicole Rebhan, Hans-Matti Blencke, Matthias Merzbacher, Jörg Stülke
Control of the glycolytic gapA operon by the catabolite control protein A in Bacillus subtilis: a novel mechanism of CcpA-mediated regulation.
Mol Microbiol: 2002, 45(2);543-53
[PubMed:12123463] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

N Faires, S Tobisch, S Bachem, I Martin-Verstraete, M Hecker, J Stülke
The catabolite control protein CcpA controls ammonium assimilation in Bacillus subtilis.
J Mol Microbiol Biotechnol: 1999, 1(1);141-8
[PubMed:10941796] [WorldCat.org] (P p)

Y Miwa, M Saikawa, Y Fujita
Possible function and some properties of the CcpA protein of Bacillus subtilis.
Microbiology (Reading): 1994, 140 ( Pt 10);2567-75
[PubMed:8000527] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

T M Henkin, F J Grundy, W L Nicholson, G H Chambliss
Catabolite repression of alpha-amylase gene expression in Bacillus subtilis involves a trans-acting gene product homologous to the Escherichia coli lacl and galR repressors.
Mol Microbiol: 1991, 5(3);575-84
[PubMed:1904524] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)


Global analyses (proteome, transcriptome)


Repression of target genes by CcpA

José Manuel Inácio, Isabel de Sá-Nogueira
trans-Acting factors and cis elements involved in glucose repression of arabinan degradation in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2007, 189(22);8371-6
[PubMed:17827291] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Soo-Keun Choi, Milton H Saier
Regulation of sigL expression by the catabolite control protein CcpA involves a roadblock mechanism in Bacillus subtilis: potential connection between carbon and nitrogen metabolism.
J Bacteriol: 2005, 187(19);6856-61
[PubMed:16166551] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Boris R Belitsky, Hyun-Jin Kim, Abraham L Sonenshein
CcpA-dependent regulation of Bacillus subtilis glutamate dehydrogenase gene expression.
J Bacteriol: 2004, 186(11);3392-8
[PubMed:15150224] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Hyun-Jin Kim, Agnes Roux, Abraham L Sonenshein
Direct and indirect roles of CcpA in regulation of Bacillus subtilis Krebs cycle genes.
Mol Microbiol: 2002, 45(1);179-90
[PubMed:12100558] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Hyun-Jin Kim, Cécile Jourlin-Castelli, Sam-In Kim, Abraham L Sonenshein
Regulation of the bacillus subtilis ccpC gene by ccpA and ccpC.
Mol Microbiol: 2002, 43(2);399-410
[PubMed:11985717] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Emmanuelle Darbon, Pascale Servant, Sandrine Poncet, Josef Deutscher
Antitermination by GlpP, catabolite repression via CcpA and inducer exclusion triggered by P-GlpK dephosphorylation control Bacillus subtilis glpFK expression.
Mol Microbiol: 2002, 43(4);1039-52
[PubMed:11929549] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

I Martin-Verstraete, J Stülke, A Klier, G Rapoport
Two different mechanisms mediate catabolite repression of the Bacillus subtilis levanase operon.
J Bacteriol: 1995, 177(23);6919-27
[PubMed:7592486] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

F J Grundy, A J Turinsky, T M Henkin
Catabolite regulation of Bacillus subtilis acetate and acetoin utilization genes by CcpA.
J Bacteriol: 1994, 176(15);4527-33
[PubMed:7913927] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)


Positive regulation of gene expression by CcpA


Control of CcpA activity


CcpA-DNA interaction


Functional analysis of CcpA


Structural analyses

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