FliG

• Description: flagellar basal-body protein, membrane anchor of the basal body, flagellar motor switch protein, physically transduces force from MotA to the rotation of FliF
  
  

Gene name	fliG
Synonyms	flaA15
Essential	no
Product	flagellar motor switch protein
Function	movement and chemotaxis
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: fliG
Interactions involving this protein in SubtInteract: FliG
MW, pI	38 kDa, 4.46
Gene length, protein length	1014 bp, 338 aa
Immediate neighbours	fliF, fliH
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

motility and chemotaxis, membrane proteins

This gene is a member of the following regulons

CodY regulon, DegU regulon, SigD regulon, Spo0A regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU16220

Phenotypes of a mutant

• mucoid phenotype due to the overproduction of poly-gamma-glutamate PubMed
• no secretion of FlgM, permanent inhibition of SigD PubMed

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU16220

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:
  • physically transduces force from MotA to the rotation of FliF

• Protein family: fliG family (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactors:

• Effectors of protein activity: interaction with EpsE prevents energetization of the flagellum by MotA-MotB PubMed

• Interactions:
  • EpsE-FliG PubMed
  • FliF-FliG PubMed

• Localization: cell membrane (according to Swiss-Prot)

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU16220

• Structure:

• UniProt: P23448

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon: flgB-flgC-fliE-fliF-fliG-fliH-fliI-fliJ-ylxF-fliK-flgD-flgE-fliL-fliM-fliY-cheY-fliZ-fliP-fliQ-fliR-flhB-flhA-flhF-flhG-cheB-cheA-cheW-cheC-cheD-sigD-swrB PubMed

• Expression browser: fliG PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigA PubMed, SigD PubMed

• Regulation:
  • repressed under conditions that trigger sporulation (Spo0A) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • Spo0A: transcription repression PubMed
  • CodY: transcription repression PubMed
  • DegU (non-phosphorylated): transcription activation PubMed
  • DegU-P: transcription repression PubMed
  • DegU-P in complex with SwrA: transcription activation PubMed

• Additional information:
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium): 250 PubMed

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Rebecca A Calvo, Daniel B Kearns
FlgM is secreted by the flagellar export apparatus in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2015, 197(1);81-91
[PubMed:25313396] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Serena Mordini, Cecilia Osera, Simone Marini, Francesco Scavone, Riccardo Bellazzi, Alessandro Galizzi, Cinzia Calvio
The role of SwrA, DegU and P(D3) in fla/che expression in B. subtilis.
PLoS One: 2013, 8(12);e85065
[PubMed:24386445] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Jia Mun Chan, Sarah B Guttenplan, Daniel B Kearns
Defects in the flagellar motor increase synthesis of poly-γ-glutamate in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2014, 196(4);740-53
[PubMed:24296669] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Kris M Blair, Linda Turner, Jared T Winkelman, Howard C Berg, Daniel B Kearns
A molecular clutch disables flagella in the Bacillus subtilis biofilm.
Science: 2008, 320(5883);1636-8
[PubMed:18566286] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Kazuo Kobayashi
Gradual activation of the response regulator DegU controls serial expression of genes for flagellum formation and biofilm formation in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2007, 66(2);395-409
[PubMed:17850253] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

H Werhane, P Lopez, M Mendel, M Zimmer, G W Ordal, L M Márquez-Magaña
The last gene of the fla/che operon in Bacillus subtilis, ylxL, is required for maximal sigmaD function.
J Bacteriol: 2004, 186(12);4025-9
[PubMed:15175317] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Virginie Molle, Masaya Fujita, Shane T Jensen, Patrick Eichenberger, José E González-Pastor, Jun S Liu, Richard Losick
The Spo0A regulon of Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2003, 50(5);1683-701
[PubMed:14651647] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

W Estacio, S S Anna-Arriola, M Adedipe, L M Márquez-Magaña
Dual promoters are responsible for transcription initiation of the fla/che operon in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 1998, 180(14);3548-55
[PubMed:9657996] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

L M Márquez-Magaña, M J Chamberlin
Characterization of the sigD transcription unit of Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 1994, 176(8);2427-34
[PubMed:8157612] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

A R Zuberi, C Ying, D S Bischoff, G W Ordal
Gene-protein relationships in the flagellar hook-basal body complex of Bacillus subtilis: sequences of the flgB, flgC, flgG, fliE and fliF genes.
Gene: 1991, 101(1);23-31
[PubMed:1905667] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)