Tpi

• Description: triose phosphate isomerase, glycolytic/ gluconeogenic enzyme
  
  

Gene name	tpi
Synonyms	tpiA
Essential	no
Product	triosephosphate isomerase
Function	enzyme in glycolysis/ gluconeogenesis
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: tpi
Interactions involving this protein in SubtInteract: Tpi
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: tpi
MW, pI	26,9 kDa, 4.79
Gene length, protein length	759 bp, 253 amino acids
Immediate neighbours	pgm, pgk
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

carbon core metabolism, phosphoproteins, most abundant proteins

This gene is a member of the following regulons

CggR regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU33920

Phenotypes of a mutant

• essential PubMed, non-essential according to PubMed

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU33920

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

Additional information

• A mutation was found in this gene after evolution under relaxed selection for sporulation PubMed

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: D-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate = dihydroxyacetone phosphate (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Protein family: triosephosphate isomerase family (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification: phosphorylation on Ser-213 PubMed

• Cofactors:

• Effectors of protein activity: inhibited by 2-phosphoglycolate (in B. stearothermophilus) PubMed

• Interactions:
  • Tkt-Tpi PubMed

• Localization:
  • cytoplasm PubMed

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU33920

• Structure: 1BTM (complex with 2-phosphoglycolic acid, Geobacillus stearothermophilus), complex with 2-phosphpoglycolic acid, Geobacillus stearothermophilus NCBI

• UniProt: P27876

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number: 5.3.1.1

Additional information

• extensive information on the structure and enzymatic properties of Tpi can be found at Proteopedia

Expression and regulation

• Operon:
  • cggR-gapA-pgk-tpiA-pgm-eno PubMed
  • pgk-tpiA-pgm-eno PubMed

• Expression browser: tpi PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigA PubMed

• Regulation:
  • expression activated by glucose (3.3 fold) PubMed
  • cggR: induced by glycolytic substrates CggR PubMed
  • pgk: constitutive PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism: transcription repression by CggR PubMed

• Additional information:
  • belongs to the 100 most abundant proteins PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium): 4265 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (complex medium with amino acids, without glucose): 5061 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, exponential phase): 2920 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, early stationary phase after glucose exhaustion): 1493 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium, late stationary phase after glucose exhaustion): 2091 PubMed

Biological materials

• Mutant: GP700 (cat), available in Jörg Stülke's lab, PubMed

• Expression vector:
  • pGP394 (N-terminal His-tag, in pWH844), available in Jörg Stülke's lab
  • pGP89 (N-terminal Strep-tag, for SPINE, expression in B. subtilis), available in Jörg Stülke's lab
  • pGP1511 (expression in B. subtilis, in pBQ200), available in Jörg Stülke's lab

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system: B. pertussis adenylate cyclase-based bacterial two hybrid system (BACTH), available in Jörg Stülke's lab

• Antibody:

References

Fabian M Commichau, Nico Pietack, Jörg Stülke
Essential genes in Bacillus subtilis: a re-evaluation after ten years.
Mol Biosyst: 2013, 9(6);1068-75
[PubMed:23420519] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Christopher T Brown, Laura K Fishwick, Binna M Chokshi, Marissa A Cuff, Jay M Jackson, Travis Oglesby, Alison T Rioux, Enrique Rodriguez, Gregory S Stupp, Austin H Trupp, James S Woollcombe-Clarke, Tracy N Wright, William J Zaragoza, Jennifer C Drew, Eric W Triplett, Wayne L Nicholson
Whole-genome sequencing and phenotypic analysis of Bacillus subtilis mutants following evolution under conditions of relaxed selection for sporulation.
Appl Environ Microbiol: 2011, 77(19);6867-77
[PubMed:21821766] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Fabian M Commichau, Fabian M Rothe, Christina Herzberg, Eva Wagner, Daniel Hellwig, Martin Lehnik-Habrink, Elke Hammer, Uwe Völker, Jörg Stülke
Novel activities of glycolytic enzymes in Bacillus subtilis: interactions with essential proteins involved in mRNA processing.
Mol Cell Proteomics: 2009, 8(6);1350-60
[PubMed:19193632] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Laurent Jannière, Danielle Canceill, Catherine Suski, Sophie Kanga, Bérengère Dalmais, Roxane Lestini, Anne-Françoise Monnier, Jérôme Chapuis, Alexander Bolotin, Marina Titok, Emmanuelle Le Chatelier, S Dusko Ehrlich
Genetic evidence for a link between glycolysis and DNA replication.
PLoS One: 2007, 2(5);e447
[PubMed:17505547] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Boris Macek, Ivan Mijakovic, Jesper V Olsen, Florian Gnad, Chanchal Kumar, Peter R Jensen, Matthias Mann
The serine/threonine/tyrosine phosphoproteome of the model bacterium Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Cell Proteomics: 2007, 6(4);697-707
[PubMed:17218307] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Christine Eymann, Annette Dreisbach, Dirk Albrecht, Jörg Bernhardt, Dörte Becher, Sandy Gentner, Le Thi Tam, Knut Büttner, Gerrit Buurman, Christian Scharf, Simone Venz, Uwe Völker, Michael Hecker
A comprehensive proteome map of growing Bacillus subtilis cells.
Proteomics: 2004, 4(10);2849-76
[PubMed:15378759] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Hans-Matti Blencke, Georg Homuth, Holger Ludwig, Ulrike Mäder, Michael Hecker, Jörg Stülke
Transcriptional profiling of gene expression in response to glucose in Bacillus subtilis: regulation of the central metabolic pathways.
Metab Eng: 2003, 5(2);133-49
[PubMed:12850135] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

H Ludwig, G Homuth, M Schmalisch, F M Dyka, M Hecker, J Stülke
Transcription of glycolytic genes and operons in Bacillus subtilis: evidence for the presence of multiple levels of control of the gapA operon.
Mol Microbiol: 2001, 41(2);409-22
[PubMed:11489127] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

L F Delboni, S C Mande, F Rentier-Delrue, V Mainfroid, S Turley, F M Vellieux, J A Martial, W G Hol
Crystal structure of recombinant triosephosphate isomerase from Bacillus stearothermophilus. An analysis of potential thermostability factors in six isomerases with known three-dimensional structures points to the importance of hydrophobic interactions.
Protein Sci: 1995, 4(12);2594-604
[PubMed:8580851] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

M A Leyva-Vazquez, P Setlow
Cloning and nucleotide sequences of the genes encoding triose phosphate isomerase, phosphoglycerate mutase, and enolase from Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 1994, 176(13);3903-10
[PubMed:8021172] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)