Spo0A
- Description: phosphorelay regulator, initiation of sporulation, coordinates DNA replication and initiation of sporulation by binding to sites close to the oriC
Gene name | spo0A |
Synonyms | spo0C, spo0G, spoIIL, sof-1 |
Essential | no |
Product | phosphorelay response regulator |
Function | initiation of sporulation |
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: spo0A | |
Interactions involving this protein in SubtInteract: Spo0A | |
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: Biofilm, Nucleotides (regulation), Ammonium/ glutamate, Central C-metabolism,Sugar catabolism, Phosphorelay, Stress, tRNA charging,Lipid synthesis, Protein secretion | |
MW, pI | 29 kDa, 5.989 |
Gene length, protein length | 801 bp, 267 aa |
Immediate neighbours | yqiG, spoIVB |
Get the DNA and protein sequences (Barbe et al., 2009) | |
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
| |
Expression at a glance PubMed |
Contents
Categories containing this gene/protein
transcription factors and their control, phosphorelay, biofilm formation, phosphoproteins
This gene is a member of the following regulons
The Spo0A regulon
The gene
Basic information
- Locus tag: BSU24220
Phenotypes of a mutant
- inactivation of spo0A restores beta-lactam resistance in a sigM mutant PubMed
- altered cell death pattern in colonies PubMed
Database entries
- DBTBS entry: [1]
- SubtiList entry: [2]
Additional information
The protein
Basic information/ Evolution
- Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:
- activation of gene expression at the onset of sporulation (Spo0A regulon)
- coordination between DNA replication and initiation of sporulation by binding to sites close to the oriC (this limits re-initiation of replication) PubMed
- Protein family:
- Paralogous protein(s):
Extended information on the protein
- Kinetic information:
- Domains:
- Modification: receives phosphorylation from Spo0B, dephosphorylation by Spo0E, direct phosphorylation by KinC upon potassium leakage PubMed
- Cofactor(s):
- Effectors of protein activity:
Database entries
- Structure: 1QMP (with phosphorylated aspartate, Geobacillus stearothermophilus), 1FC3 (trans-activation domain, Geobacillus stearothermophilus), 1LQ1 (complex with DNA)
- UniProt: P06534
- KEGG entry: [3]
- E.C. number:
Additional information
Expression and regulation
- Operon: spo0A PubMed
- Regulation:
- Regulatory mechanism:
- Additional information:
Biological materials
- Mutant:
- Expression vector:
- lacZ fusion:
- GFP fusion:
- two-hybrid system:
- Antibody:
Labs working on this gene/protein
- Tony Wilkinson, York University, U.K. homepage
- Imrich Barak, Slovak Academy of Science, Bratislava, Slovakia homepage
- Charles Moran, Emory University, NC, USA homepage
Your additional remarks
References
Reviews
The Spo0A regulon
Masaya Fujita, José Eduardo González-Pastor, Richard Losick
High- and low-threshold genes in the Spo0A regulon of Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2005, 187(4);1357-68
[PubMed:15687200]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
Virginie Molle, Masaya Fujita, Shane T Jensen, Patrick Eichenberger, José E González-Pastor, Jun S Liu, Richard Losick
The Spo0A regulon of Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2003, 50(5);1683-701
[PubMed:14651647]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
Other original Publications
Additional publications: PubMed
Prahathees Eswaramoorthy, Jeffrey Dinh, Daniel Duan, Oleg A Igoshin, Masaya Fujita
Single-cell measurement of the levels and distributions of the phosphorelay components in a population of sporulating Bacillus subtilis cells.
Microbiology (Reading): 2010, 156(Pt 8);2294-2304
[PubMed:20413551]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(I p)
Arnaud Chastanet, Dennis Vitkup, Guo-Cheng Yuan, Thomas M Norman, Jun S Liu, Richard M Losick
Broadly heterogeneous activation of the master regulator for sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A: 2010, 107(18);8486-91
[PubMed:20404177]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(I p)
Steve D Seredick, Barbara M Seredick, David Baker, George B Spiegelman
An A257V mutation in the bacillus subtilis response regulator Spo0A prevents regulated expression of promoters with low-consensus binding sites.
J Bacteriol: 2009, 191(17);5489-98
[PubMed:19581368]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(I p)
Virginia Castilla-Llorente, Wilfried J J Meijer, Margarita Salas
Differential Spo0A-mediated effects on transcription and replication of the related Bacillus subtilis phages Nf and phi29 explain their different behaviours in vivo.
Nucleic Acids Res: 2009, 37(15);4955-64
[PubMed:19528067]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(I p)
Guangnan Chen, Amrita Kumar, Travis H Wyman, Charles P Moran
Spo0A-dependent activation of an extended -10 region promoter in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2006, 188(4);1411-8
[PubMed:16452424]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
Jessica M Silvaggi, John B Perkins, Richard Losick
Genes for small, noncoding RNAs under sporulation control in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2006, 188(2);532-41
[PubMed:16385044]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
Amrita Kumar, Cindy Buckner Starke, Mark DeZalia, Charles P Moran
Surfaces of Spo0A and RNA polymerase sigma factor A that interact at the spoIIG promoter in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2004, 186(1);200-6
[PubMed:14679239]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
Masaya Fujita, Richard Losick
The master regulator for entry into sporulation in Bacillus subtilis becomes a cell-specific transcription factor after asymmetric division.
Genes Dev: 2003, 17(9);1166-74
[PubMed:12730135]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
Haiyan Zhao, Tarek Msadek, James Zapf, Madhusudan, James A Hoch, Kottayil I Varughese
DNA complexed structure of the key transcription factor initiating development in sporulating bacteria.
Structure: 2002, 10(8);1041-50
[PubMed:12176382]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
Sophie J Stephenson, Marta Perego
Interaction surface of the Spo0A response regulator with the Spo0E phosphatase.
Mol Microbiol: 2002, 44(6);1455-67
[PubMed:12067336]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
C Eymann, G Mittenhuber, M Hecker
The stringent response, sigmaH-dependent gene expression and sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Gen Genet: 2001, 264(6);913-23
[PubMed:11254139]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
M Jiang, W Shao, M Perego, J A Hoch
Multiple histidine kinases regulate entry into stationary phase and sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2000, 38(3);535-42
[PubMed:11069677]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
P Fawcett, P Eichenberger, R Losick, P Youngman
The transcriptional profile of early to middle sporulation in Bacillus subtilis.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A: 2000, 97(14);8063-8
[PubMed:10869437]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
C M Buckner, C P Moran
A region in Bacillus subtilis sigmaH required for Spo0A-dependent promoter activity.
J Bacteriol: 1998, 180(18);4987-90
[PubMed:9733708]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
G Schyns, C M Buckner, C P Moran
Activation of the Bacillus subtilis spoIIG promoter requires interaction of Spo0A and the sigma subunit of RNA polymerase.
J Bacteriol: 1997, 179(17);5605-8
[PubMed:9287022]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
L V Wray, A E Ferson, S H Fisher
Expression of the Bacillus subtilis ureABC operon is controlled by multiple regulatory factors including CodY, GlnR, TnrA, and Spo0H.
J Bacteriol: 1997, 179(17);5494-501
[PubMed:9287005]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
M Perego, P Glaser, J A Hoch
Aspartyl-phosphate phosphatases deactivate the response regulator components of the sporulation signal transduction system in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 1996, 19(6);1151-7
[PubMed:8730857]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
J K Grimsley, R B Tjalkens, M A Strauch, T H Bird, G B Spiegelman, Z Hostomsky, J M Whiteley, J A Hoch
Subunit composition and domain structure of the Spo0A sporulation transcription factor of Bacillus subtilis.
J Biol Chem: 1994, 269(24);16977-82
[PubMed:8207022]
[WorldCat.org]
(P p)
K L Ohlsen, J K Grimsley, J A Hoch
Deactivation of the sporulation transcription factor Spo0A by the Spo0E protein phosphatase.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A: 1994, 91(5);1756-60
[PubMed:8127878]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
T H Bird, J K Grimsley, J A Hoch, G B Spiegelman
Phosphorylation of Spo0A activates its stimulation of in vitro transcription from the Bacillus subtilis spoIIG operon.
Mol Microbiol: 1993, 9(4);741-9
[PubMed:8231806]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
M A Strauch, K A Trach, J Day, J A Hoch
Spo0A activates and represses its own synthesis by binding at its dual promoters.
Biochimie: 1992, 74(7-8);619-26
[PubMed:1391039]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
M Predich, G Nair, I Smith
Bacillus subtilis early sporulation genes kinA, spo0F, and spo0A are transcribed by the RNA polymerase containing sigma H.
J Bacteriol: 1992, 174(9);2771-8
[PubMed:1569009]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
M Perego, J J Wu, G B Spiegelman, J A Hoch
Mutational dissociation of the positive and negative regulatory properties of the Spo0A sporulation transcription factor of Bacillus subtilis.
Gene: 1991, 100;207-12
[PubMed:1905258]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
G Spiegelman, B Van Hoy, M Perego, J Day, K Trach, J A Hoch
Structural alterations in the Bacillus subtilis Spo0A regulatory protein which suppress mutations at several spo0 loci.
J Bacteriol: 1990, 172(9);5011-9
[PubMed:2118505]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
M Strauch, V Webb, G Spiegelman, J A Hoch
The SpoOA protein of Bacillus subtilis is a repressor of the abrB gene.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A: 1990, 87(5);1801-5
[PubMed:2106683]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
F A Ferrari, K Trach, D LeCoq, J Spence, E Ferrari, J A Hoch
Characterization of the spo0A locus and its deduced product.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A: 1985, 82(9);2647-51
[PubMed:3157992]
[WorldCat.org]
[DOI]
(P p)
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