BirA

• Description: trigger enzyme: transcriptional repressor of the biotin operon / biotin-protein ligase
  
  

Gene name	birA
Synonyms
Essential	yes PubMed
Product	trigger enzyme: transcriptional repressor/ biotin-protein ligase
Function	regulation of biotin synthesis, addition of biotin to proteins
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: birA
MW, pI	36 kDa, 6.769
Gene length, protein length	975 bp, 325 aa
Immediate neighbours	panB, cca
Get the DNA and protein sequences (Barbe et al., 2009)
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

biosynthesis of lipids, biosynthesis of cofactors, transcription factors and their control, trigger enzyme, essential genes

The BirA regulon:

• bioW-bioA-bioF-bioD-bioB-bioI-ytbQ

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU22440

Phenotypes of a mutant

essential PubMed

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: no entry

• SubtiList entry: [1]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:
  • transcriptional repressor of the bioW-bioA-bioF-bioD-bioB-bioI-ytbQ operon PubMed and
  • ATP + biotin + apo-[acetyl-CoA:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP-forming)] = AMP + diphosphate + [acetyl-CoA:carbon-dioxide ligase (ADP-forming)] (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Protein family: pyrroline-5-carboxylate reductase family (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization: cytoplasm (according to Swiss-Prot)

Database entries

• Structure:

• UniProt: P42975

• KEGG entry: [2]

• E.C. number: 6.3.4.15

Expression and regulation

• Operon: ypjD-dapB-mgsA-bshB1-bshA-cca-birA PubMed

• Expression browser: birA PubMed

• Sigma factor:

• Regulation:

• Regulatory mechanism:

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Original publications

J B Perkins, S Bower, C L Howitt, R R Yocum, J Pero
Identification and characterization of transcripts from the biotin biosynthetic operon of Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 1996, 178(21);6361-5
[PubMed:8892842] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

S Bower, J B Perkins, R R Yocum, C L Howitt, P Rahaim, J Pero
Cloning, sequencing, and characterization of the Bacillus subtilis biotin biosynthetic operon.
J Bacteriol: 1996, 178(14);4122-30
[PubMed:8763940] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

S Bower, J Perkins, R R Yocum, P Serror, A Sorokin, P Rahaim, C L Howitt, N Prasad, S D Ehrlich, J Pero
Cloning and characterization of the Bacillus subtilis birA gene encoding a repressor of the biotin operon.
J Bacteriol: 1995, 177(9);2572-5
[PubMed:7730294] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Operon and expression

Ahmed Gaballa, Gerald L Newton, Haike Antelmann, Derek Parsonage, Heather Upton, Mamta Rawat, Al Claiborne, Robert C Fahey, John D Helmann
Biosynthesis and functions of bacillithiol, a major low-molecular-weight thiol in Bacilli.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A: 2010, 107(14);6482-6
[PubMed:20308541] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)