SwrAA/1

• Description: control of motility, enhances sigD transcription
  
  

Gene name	swrA
Synonyms	yvzD, swrAA, ifm
Essential	no
Product	swarming motility protein
Function	essential for swarming differentiation on solid surfaces
MW, pI	13 kDa, 8.4
Gene length, protein length	336 bp, 112 aa
Immediate neighbours	minJ, swrAA/2
Gene sequence (+200bp)	Protein sequence
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList

Categories containing this gene/protein

biofilm formation, motility and chemotaxis, pseudogenes

The gene

Basic information

• Coordinates:

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: no entry

• SubtiList entry: [1]

Additional information

• This protein is functional in undomesticated strains of B.subtilis but not in laboratory strains, such as 168, because of a frameshift mutation. Therefore laboratory strains of B.subtilis are unable to swarm.
• The frameshift in strain 168 is caused by a single insertion of an adenine in the codon for Tyr-12 which leads to the premature truncation of the protein in residue 13. In addition, the C-terminal section of swrAA was predicted to be an ORF (yvzD) by the genome project.
• Correction of sfp, epsC, swrAA, and degQ as well as introduction of rapP from a plasmid present in NCIB3610 results in biofilm formation in B. subtilis 168 PubMed

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:

• Protein family:

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization: cytoplasm (according to Swiss-Prot)

Database entries

• Structure:

• Swiss prot entry: O32266

• KEGG entry: [2]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon: swrAA-minJ PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigD PubMed, SigA PubMed

• Regulation:

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • DegU-P: transcription activation (SigA promoter) PubMed

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Reviews

Joyce E Patrick, Daniel B Kearns
Swarming motility and the control of master regulators of flagellar biosynthesis.
Mol Microbiol: 2012, 83(1);14-23
[PubMed:22092493] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Massimiliano Marvasi, Pieter T Visscher, Lilliam Casillas Martinez
Exopolymeric substances (EPS) from Bacillus subtilis: polymers and genes encoding their synthesis.
FEMS Microbiol Lett: 2010, 313(1);1-9
[PubMed:20735481] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)