SafA

• Description: morphogenetic protein associated with SpoVID, major organizer of the inner spore coat
  
  

Gene name	safA
Synonyms	yrbA
Essential	no
Product	morphogenetic protein
Function	spore coat formation
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: safA
Interactions involving this protein in SubtInteract: SafA
MW, pI	43 kDa, 5.753
Gene length, protein length	1161 bp, 387 aa
Immediate neighbours	coxA, nadA
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

sporulation proteins

This gene is a member of the following regulons

SigE regulon

SafA-dependent proteins of the inner spore coat

• CotD, CotP, CotT, CwlJ, OxdD, YaaH, YeeK, YisY, YhjR, YjqC, YmaG, YsnD, YsxE, YutH, YuzC, YxeE, YybI PubMed

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU27840

Phenotypes of a mutant

• mis-assembly of the inner spore coat PubMed

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:

• Protein family:

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:
  • contains a N-acetylglucosamine-polymer-binding LysM domain at the N-terminus PubMed

• Modification:

• Cofactors:

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:
  • SpoVID-SafA PubMed
  • SpoIVA-SafA PubMed

• Localization:
  • inner spore coat PubMed

Database entries

• Structure:

• UniProt: O32062

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon: safA-coxA PubMed

• Expression browser: safA PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigE PubMed

• Regulation:
  • expressed early during sporulation in the mother cell (SigE) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant:
  • 1S126 ( safA::erm), PubMed, available at BGSC
  • 1S117 ( safA::spec), PubMed, available at BGSC

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

Labs working on this gene/protein

• Adriano Henriques, Lisbon, Portugal homepage
• Charles Moran, Emory University, NC, USA homepage

References

Reviews

Peter T McKenney, Adam Driks, Patrick Eichenberger
The Bacillus subtilis endospore: assembly and functions of the multilayered coat.
Nat Rev Microbiol: 2013, 11(1);33-44
[PubMed:23202530] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Peter Setlow
Dynamics of the assembly of a complex macromolecular structure--the coat of spores of the bacterium Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2012, 83(2);241-4
[PubMed:22192522] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Girbe Buist, Anton Steen, Jan Kok, Oscar P Kuipers
LysM, a widely distributed protein motif for binding to (peptido)glycans.
Mol Microbiol: 2008, 68(4);838-47
[PubMed:18430080] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Original publications

Kazuhito Watabe
[Overview of study on Bacillus subtilis spores].
Yakugaku Zasshi: 2013, 133(7);783-97
[PubMed:23811766] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Haiyan Qiao, Daniela Krajcikova, Caisheng Liu, Yongjun Li, Hongda Wang, Imrich Barak, Jilin Tang
The interactions of spore-coat morphogenetic proteins studied by single-molecule recognition force spectroscopy.
Chem Asian J: 2012, 7(4);725-31
[PubMed:22262582] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Peter T McKenney, Patrick Eichenberger
Dynamics of spore coat morphogenesis in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2012, 83(2);245-60
[PubMed:22171814] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Peter T McKenney, Adam Driks, Haig A Eskandarian, Paul Grabowski, Jonathan Guberman, Katherine H Wang, Zemer Gitai, Patrick Eichenberger
A distance-weighted interaction map reveals a previously uncharacterized layer of the Bacillus subtilis spore coat.
Curr Biol: 2010, 20(10);934-8
[PubMed:20451384] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Teresa Costa, Anabela L Isidro, Charles P Moran, Adriano O Henriques
Interaction between coat morphogenetic proteins SafA and SpoVID.
J Bacteriol: 2006, 188(22);7731-41
[PubMed:16950916] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

A J Ozin, C S Samford, A O Henriques, C P Moran
SpoVID guides SafA to the spore coat in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2001, 183(10);3041-9
[PubMed:11325931] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

A J Ozin, T Costa, A O Henriques, C P Moran
Alternative translation initiation produces a short form of a spore coat protein in Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2001, 183(6);2032-40
[PubMed:11222602] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

A J Ozin, A O Henriques, H Yi, C P Moran
Morphogenetic proteins SpoVID and SafA form a complex during assembly of the Bacillus subtilis spore coat.
J Bacteriol: 2000, 182(7);1828-33
[PubMed:10714986] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

H Takamatsu, T Kodama, T Nakayama, K Watabe
Characterization of the yrbA gene of Bacillus subtilis, involved in resistance and germination of spores.
J Bacteriol: 1999, 181(16);4986-94
[PubMed:10438771] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)