LcfA

• Description: long chain acyl-CoA synthetase, involved in surfactin production
  
  

Gene name	lcfA
Synonyms
Essential	no
Product	long chain acyl-CoA synthetase
Function	fatty acid degradation
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: lcfA
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: Fatty acid degradation
MW, pI	62 kDa, 6.119
Gene length, protein length	1680 bp, 560 aa
Immediate neighbours	fadR, yshE
Sequences	Protein DNA Advanced_DNA
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

utilization of lipids

This gene is a member of the following regulons

CcpA regulon, FadR regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU28560

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: ATP + a long-chain carboxylic acid + CoA = AMP + diphosphate + an acyl-CoA (according to Swiss-Prot), activates 3-hydroxy fatty acids for surfactin biosynthesis PubMed

• Protein family: ATP-dependent AMP-binding enzyme family (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s): LcfB, YhfT, YngI

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization: cytoplasm (according to Swiss-Prot)

Database entries

• Structure:

• UniProt: P94547

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number: 6.2.1.3

Expression and regulation

• Operon: lcfA-fadR-fadB-etfB-etfA PubMed

• Expression browser: lcfA PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigA PubMed

• Regulation:
  • subject to carbon catabolite repression (CcpA-HPr(Ser-P) PubMed
  • induced by long chain acyl-CoA (C14 ... C20) (FadR) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • CcpA-HPr(Ser-P): transcription repression PubMed
  • FadR: transcription repression PubMed

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant: available in Mohamed Marahiel's lab PubMed
  • 1A852 ( lcfA::cat), PubMed, available at BGSC

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Additional publications: PubMed

Bogumiła C Marciniak, Monika Pabijaniak, Anne de Jong, Robert Dűhring, Gerald Seidel, Wolfgang Hillen, Oscar P Kuipers
High- and low-affinity cre boxes for CcpA binding in Bacillus subtilis revealed by genome-wide analysis.
BMC Genomics: 2012, 13;401
[PubMed:22900538] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Femke I Kraas, Verena Helmetag, Melanie Wittmann, Matthias Strieker, Mohamed A Marahiel
Functional dissection of surfactin synthetase initiation module reveals insights into the mechanism of lipoinitiation.
Chem Biol: 2010, 17(8);872-80
[PubMed:20797616] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Yasutaro Fujita, Hiroshi Matsuoka, Kazutake Hirooka
Regulation of fatty acid metabolism in bacteria.
Mol Microbiol: 2007, 66(4);829-39
[PubMed:17919287] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Hiroshi Matsuoka, Kazutake Hirooka, Yasutaro Fujita
Organization and function of the YsiA regulon of Bacillus subtilis involved in fatty acid degradation.
J Biol Chem: 2007, 282(8);5180-94
[PubMed:17189250] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Chiara Barabesi, Alessandro Galizzi, Giorgio Mastromei, Mila Rossi, Elena Tamburini, Brunella Perito
Bacillus subtilis gene cluster involved in calcium carbonate biomineralization.
J Bacteriol: 2007, 189(1);228-35
[PubMed:17085570] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)