CapE

• Description: stimulates poly-gamma-glutamate production in the presence of zinc, also involved in extra-chromosomal DNA maintenance
  
  

Gene name	capE
Synonyms	ywtC, pgsE, edmS
Essential	no
Product	unknown
Function	capsule synthesis
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: capE
MW, pI	6 kDa, 6.487
Gene length, protein length	165 bp, 55 aa
Immediate neighbours	pgdS, capA
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

capsule biosynthesis and degradation, membrane proteins

This gene is a member of the following regulons

DegU regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU35870

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:
  • stimulates poly-gamma-glutamate production in the presence of zinc PubMed
  • also involved in extra-chromosomal DNA maintenance PubMed

• Protein family:

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains: N-terminal membrane-anchoring domain and a C-terminal assembly accelerator-like structure PubMed

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions:

• Localization:
  • cell membrane PubMed

Database entries

• Structure:

• UniProt: P96739

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon: capB-capC-capA-capE PubMed

• Expression browser: capE PubMed

• Sigma factor: SigA PubMed

• Regulation:

• Regulatory mechanism: activated by DegU-P PubMed

• Additional information: The operon is not expressed in the lab strain 168 due to lack of expression of DegQ resulting in inactivity of DegS and DegU PubMed

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

Reviews

Thomas Candela, Agnès Fouet
Poly-gamma-glutamate in bacteria.
Mol Microbiol: 2006, 60(5);1091-8
[PubMed:16689787] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Original publications

Makoto Ashiuchi, Daisuke Yamashiro, Kento Yamamoto
Bacillus subtilis EdmS (formerly PgsE) participates in the maintenance of episomes.
Plasmid: 2013, 70(2);209-15
[PubMed:23583563] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Thi-Huyen Do, Yuki Suzuki, Naoki Abe, Jun Kaneko, Yoshifumi Itoh, Keitarou Kimura
Mutations suppressing the loss of DegQ function in Bacillus subtilis (natto) poly-γ-glutamate synthesis.
Appl Environ Microbiol: 2011, 77(23);8249-58
[PubMed:21965392] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Daisuke Yamashiro, Yutaka Minouchi, Makoto Ashiuchi
Moonlighting role of a poly-gamma-glutamate synthetase component from Bacillus subtilis: insight into novel extrachromosomal DNA maintenance.
Appl Environ Microbiol: 2011, 77(8);2796-8
[PubMed:21357437] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Daisuke Yamashiro, Megumi Yoshioka, Makoto Ashiuchi
Bacillus subtilis pgsE (Formerly ywtC) stimulates poly-γ-glutamate production in the presence of zinc.
Biotechnol Bioeng: 2011, 108(1);226-30
[PubMed:20812257] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Tohru Kamei, Daisuke Yamashiro, Terumi Horiuchii, Yutaka Minouchi, Makoto Ashiuchi
Identification and biochemical characterization of membranous short-chain polyglutamate from Bacillus subtilis.
Chem Biodivers: 2010, 7(6);1563-72
[PubMed:20564574] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Chuan-Mei Yeh, Jyh-Perng Wang, Shih-Ching Lo, Wen-Chia Chan, Ming-Yi Lin
Chromosomal integration of a synthetic expression control sequence achieves poly-gamma-glutamate production in a Bacillus subtilis strain.
Biotechnol Prog: 2010, 26(4);1001-7
[PubMed:20564357] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Keitarou Kimura, Lam-Son Phan Tran, Thi-Huyen Do, Yoshifumi Itoh
Expression of the pgsB encoding the poly-gamma-DL-glutamate synthetase of Bacillus subtilis (natto).
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem: 2009, 73(5);1149-55
[PubMed:19420703] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Thomas Candela, Michèle Mock, Agnès Fouet
CapE, a 47-amino-acid peptide, is necessary for Bacillus anthracis polyglutamate capsule synthesis.
J Bacteriol: 2005, 187(22);7765-72
[PubMed:16267300] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Yuji Urushibata, Shinji Tokuyama, Yasutaka Tahara
Difference in transcription levels of cap genes for gamma-polyglutamic acid production between Bacillus subtilis IFO 16449 and Marburg 168.
J Biosci Bioeng: 2002, 93(2);252-4
[PubMed:16233197] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)