Trigger enzymes

Trigger enzymes are moonlighting proteins that control gene expression in addition to their enzymatic function.

Parent categories	3. Information processing 3.4. Regulation of gene expression
Neighbouring categories	3.4.1. Sigma factors and their control 3.4.2. Transcription factors and their control 3.4.3. Trigger enzymes 3.4.4. RNA binding regulators 3.4.5. Regulators of core metabolism 3.4.6. Transition state regulators 3.4.7. Phosphorelay 3.4.8. Quorum sensing
Related categories	PRD-containing transcription factors transcription factors modulated by trigger enzymes
Overview on the categories (Excel file) All genes and their categories (Excel file)

Trigger enzymes in B. subtilis

Trigger enzymes of the PTS that control the activity of PRD-containing transcription factors

• PtsG
• BglP
• SacP
• SacX
• LevE
• MtlA
• LicB
• ManP

Trigger enzymes that control gene expression by protein-protein interaction with transcription factors

• GlnA
• GudB
• RocG
• CysK

Trigger enzymes that act directly as transcription factors by binding DNA

• AdaA
• BirA

Trigger enzyme that acts by binding of a specific RNA element

• CitB

Trigger enzymes that control transcription in a yet unknown way

• LipA

Reviews on trigger enzymes

Gunka K, Commichau FM    
Control of glutamate homeostasis in Bacillus subtilis: 
a complex interplay between ammonium assimilation,  
glutamate biosynthesis and degradation.  
Mol Microbiol.: 2012, 85(2) 213-224. 
PubMed:22625175

Fabian M Commichau, Jörg Stülke
Trigger enzymes: bifunctional proteins active in metabolism and in controlling gene expression.
Mol Microbiol: 2008, 67(4);692-702
[PubMed:18086213] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)