DivIVA

• Description: cell-division initiation protein (septum placement)
  
  

Gene name	divIVA
Synonyms	ylmJ
Essential	no
Product	cell-division initiation protein
Function	septum placement
MW, pI	19 kDa, 4.846
Gene length, protein length	492 bp, 164 aa
Immediate neighbours	ylmH, ileS
Get the DNA and protein sequences (Barbe et al., 2009)
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU15420

Phenotypes of a mutant

Deletion of divIVA leads to filamentation and polar divisions that in turn cause a minicell phenotype. A divIVA mutant has a severe sporulation defect.

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry: [2]

Additional information

filamentation is suppressed by minCD mutations

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: DivIVA is required for polar localisation of MinCD via MinJ. It also recruits RacA to the distal pole of the prespore.

• Protein family: gpsB family (according to Swiss-Prot)

• Paralogous protein(s): GpsB

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains: The first 60 amino acids constitute a lipid binding domain. PubMed

Multimerisation involves two coiled-coil motifs, one in the lipid binding domain, and the other one being present in the helical C-terminal domain.

• Modification: The Mycobacterium DivIVA homologue Wag31 is phosphorylated at T73.

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions: DivIVA-RacA, DivIVA-MinJ, DivIVA-DivIVA

• Localization: DivIVA forms a ring underneath the invaginating membrane at the site of cell division and is enriched at both cell poles.

Database entries

• Structure:

• UniProt: P71021

• KEGG entry: [3]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon: one gene cistron

• Sigma factor:

• Regulation:
  • repressed under conditions that trigger sporulation (Spo0A) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • Spo0A: transcription repression PubMed

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant: divIVA::tet available from the Hamoen Lab

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion: divIVA-gfp fusions available from the Hamoen Lab

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

Labs working on this gene/protein

Leendert Hamoen, Centre for Bacterial Cell Biology, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom [4]

Imrich Barak, Slovak Academy of Science, Bratislava, Slovakia homepage

References

Kumaran S Ramamurthi, Richard Losick
Negative membrane curvature as a cue for subcellular localization of a bacterial protein.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A: 2009, 106(32);13541-5
[PubMed:19666580] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Jennifer R Juarez, William Margolin
Irresistible curves.
EMBO J: 2009, 28(15);2147-8
[PubMed:19654604] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Rok Lenarcic, Sven Halbedel, Loek Visser, Michael Shaw, Ling Juan Wu, Jeff Errington, Davide Marenduzzo, Leendert W Hamoen
Localisation of DivIVA by targeting to negatively curved membranes.
EMBO J: 2009, 28(15);2272-82
[PubMed:19478798] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Pamela Gamba, Jan-Willem Veening, Nigel J Saunders, Leendert W Hamoen, Richard A Daniel
Two-step assembly dynamics of the Bacillus subtilis divisome.
J Bacteriol: 2009, 191(13);4186-94
[PubMed:19429628] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Marc Bramkamp, Robyn Emmins, Louise Weston, Catriona Donovan, Richard A Daniel, Jeff Errington
A novel component of the division-site selection system of Bacillus subtilis and a new mode of action for the division inhibitor MinCD.
Mol Microbiol: 2008, 70(6);1556-69
[PubMed:19019154] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Virginie Molle, Masaya Fujita, Shane T Jensen, Patrick Eichenberger, José E González-Pastor, Jun S Liu, Richard Losick
The Spo0A regulon of Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Microbiol: 2003, 50(5);1683-701
[PubMed:14651647] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Leendert W Hamoen, Jeffery Errington
Polar targeting of DivIVA in Bacillus subtilis is not directly dependent on FtsZ or PBP 2B.
J Bacteriol: 2003, 185(2);693-7
[PubMed:12511520] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Frederico J Gueiros-Filho, Richard Losick
A widely conserved bacterial cell division protein that promotes assembly of the tubulin-like protein FtsZ.
Genes Dev: 2002, 16(19);2544-56
[PubMed:12368265] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

H B Thomaides, M Freeman, M El Karoui, J Errington
Division site selection protein DivIVA of Bacillus subtilis has a second distinct function in chromosome segregation during sporulation.
Genes Dev: 2001, 15(13);1662-73
[PubMed:11445541] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

D H Edwards, H B Thomaides, J Errington
Promiscuous targeting of Bacillus subtilis cell division protein DivIVA to division sites in Escherichia coli and fission yeast.
EMBO J: 2000, 19(11);2719-27
[PubMed:10835369] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

D H Edwards, J Errington
The Bacillus subtilis DivIVA protein targets to the division septum and controls the site specificity of cell division.
Mol Microbiol: 1997, 24(5);905-15
[PubMed:9219999] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)