LevR

• Description: transcriptional activator of the levD-levE-levF-levG-sacC operon
  
  

Gene name	levR
Synonyms
Essential	no
Product	transcriptional activator, PRD-type (for SigL-dependent promoter)
Function	regulation of levan and fructose utilization
Metabolic function and regulation of this protein in SubtiPathways: Sugar catabolism
MW, pI	105 kDa, 5.943
Gene length, protein length	2814 bp, 938 aa
Immediate neighbours	levD, aapA
Get the DNA and protein sequences (Barbe et al., 2009)
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU27080

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: no entry

• SubtiList entry: [1]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: binding to the upstream activating sequence in front of the levD gene results in activation of transcription of the levD-levE-levF-levG-sacC operon, bining occurs in the presence of fructose

• Protein family: transcriptional antiterminator bglG family (according to Swiss-Prot), Attention: this is wrong: LicR is a transcription activator, the similarity to the BglG family is limited to the PTS-regulation domains

• Paralogous protein(s):

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions: PtsH-LevR, LevE-LevR, LevR-SigL

• Localization: cytoplasm (according to Swiss-Prot)

Database entries

• Structure:

• Swiss prot entry: P23914

• KEGG entry: [2]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon:

• Sigma factor:

• Regulation:

• Regulatory mechanism:

• Additional information:

Biological materials

• Mutant:

• Expression vector:

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

References

V Charrier, J Deutscher, A Galinier, I Martin-Verstraete
Protein phosphorylation chain of a Bacillus subtilis fructose-specific phosphotransferase system and its participation in regulation of the expression of the lev operon.
Biochemistry: 1997, 36(5);1163-72
[PubMed:9033408] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

J Stülke, I Martin-Verstraete, V Charrier, A Klier, J Deutscher, G Rapoport
The HPr protein of the phosphotransferase system links induction and catabolite repression of the Bacillus subtilis levanase operon.
J Bacteriol: 1995, 177(23);6928-36
[PubMed:7592487] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

I Martin-Verstraete, J Stülke, A Klier, G Rapoport
Two different mechanisms mediate catabolite repression of the Bacillus subtilis levanase operon.
J Bacteriol: 1995, 177(23);6919-27
[PubMed:7592486] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

I Martin-Verstraete, M Débarbouillé, A Klier, G Rapoport
Interactions of wild-type and truncated LevR of Bacillus subtilis with the upstream activating sequence of the levanase operon.
J Mol Biol: 1994, 241(2);178-92
[PubMed:8057358] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

M Débarbouillé, I Martin-Verstraete, A Klier, G Rapoport
The transcriptional regulator LevR of Bacillus subtilis has domains homologous to both sigma 54- and phosphotransferase system-dependent regulators.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A: 1991, 88(6);2212-6
[PubMed:1900939] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

1. Débarbouillé M, Martin-Verstraete I, Klier A, Rapoport G (1991) The transcriptional regulator LevR of Bacillus subtilis has domains homologous to both (Sigma)54 - and phosphotransferase system-dependent regulators. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:2212-2216. PubMed
2. Stülke, J., Martin-Verstraete, I., Charrier, V., Klier, A., Deutscher, J. & Rapoport, G. (1995) The HPr protein of the phosphotransferase system links induction and catabolite repression of the Bacillus subtilis levanase operon. J. Bacteriol. 177: 6928-6936. PubMed
3. Martin-Verstraete, I., Stülke, J., Klier, A. & Rapoport, G. (1995) Two different mechanisms mediate catabolite repression of the Bacillus subtilis levanase operon. J. Bacteriol. 177: 6919-6927. PubMed
4. Martin-Verstraete, I., Charrier, V., Stülke, J., Galinier, A., Erni, B., Rapoport, G., & Deutscher, J. (1998) Antagonistic effects of dual PTS catalyzed phosphorylation on the Bacillus subtilis transcriptional activator LevR. Mol. Microbiol. 28: 293-303. PubMed
5. Martin-Verstraete I, Débarbouillé M, Klier A, Rapoport G (1994) Interactions of wild type and truncated LevR of Bacillus subtilis with the upstream activating sequence of the levanase operon. J Mol Biol 241:178-192. PubMed
6. Charrier V, Deutscher J, Martin-Verstraete I (1997b) Protein phosphorylation chain of a Bacillus subtilis fructose-specific phosphotransferase system and its participation in regulation of the expression of the lev operon. Biochemistry 36:1163-1172. PubMed
7. Author1, Author2 & Author3 (year) Title Journal volume: page-page. PubMed