eno

eno
168

enolase, glycolytic/ gluconeogenic enzyme, universally conserved protein

Locus
BSU_33900
Molecular weight
46.42 kDa
Isoelectric point
4.49
Protein length
430 aaSequenceBlast
Gene length
1293 bpSequenceBlast
Function
enzyme in glycolysis/ gluconeogenesis
Product
enolase
Essential
Yes
E.C.
4.2.1.11
Synonyms
eno
Outlinks
BsubCyc SubtiList UniProt STRING Genoscapist PaperBLAST

Genomic Context

Categories containing this gene/protein

List of homologs in different organisms, belongs to COG0148 (Galperin et al., 2021)

This gene is a member of the following regulons

Gene
Coordinates
3,476,555 3,477,847
Phenotypes of a mutant
no growth on LB, requires glucose and malate PubMed
essential according to Kobayashi et al. on LB PubMed
The protein
Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity
(2R)-2-phosphoglycerate --> H2O + PEP (according to UniProt)
Protein family
Enolase family (single member, according to UniProt)
Domains
substrate binding domain (366369)
Cofactors
Mg2+
Structure
4A3R (PDB) PubMed
1W6T (PDB) (from Streptococcus pneumoniae) PubMed
P37869 (AlphaFold)
Modification
phosphorylation on Thr-141 AND Ser-259 AND Tyr-281 AND Ser-325 PubMed
Effectors of protein activity
Inhibited by EDTA PubMed
Kinetic information
reversible Michaelis-Menten PubMed
Localization
cytoplasm PubMed
membrane associated PubMed
aggregates at the cel poles of some cells PubMed
exported, this requires a long, unbent helix (from A108 to L126) PubMed
Additional information
Enolase is a moonlighting protein PubMed
There are indications that this enzyme is an octamer PubMed
Universally conserved protein
extensive information on the structure and enzymatic properties of Eno can be found at Proteopedia
belongs to the 100 most abundant proteins PubMed
Expression and Regulation
Operons
Genes
cggR-gapA-pgk-tpi-pgm-eno
Description
PubMed
Regulation
expression induced by glycolytic intermediates (CggR) CggR PubMed
the mRNA is processed between cggR and gapA by RNase Y, this requires the RicA-RicF-RicT complex PubMed
Regulatory mechanism
CggR: repression, PubMed, in cggR regulon
Sigma factors
SigA: sigma factor, PubMed, in sigA regulon
Open in new tab

cggR→eno

2025-04-04 01:45:03

Jstuelk

175

7b5a04e0f51be88bb9a430514dd0cb9d39ea3a2c

24906FF9311EDEA4AFD94747BD67B2022E642FAB

Genes
pgk-tpi-pgm-eno
Description
PubMed
Open in new tab

pgk→eno

2025-04-03 13:01:53

Jstuelk

130

c718c56bfee7b3945ef7060e9c50614ecf6b1cd7

D821B77CDDBA7B2EDE01B5B3E2E0A964498A261D

Biological materials
Mutant
GP594 (eno::cat), available in Jörg Stülke's lab, PubMed
GP698 (eno-''pgm::cat''), available in Jörg Stülke's lab, PubMed
Expression vectors
pGP1426 (expression of ''eno in B. subtilis'', in pBQ200), available in Jörg Stülke's lab
pGP1500 (expression of ''pgm and eno in B. subtilis'', in pBQ200), available in Jörg Stülke's lab
pGP563 (N-terminal His-tag, purification from E. coli, in pWH844), available in Jörg Stülke's lab, PubMed
pGP1276 (N-terminal Strep-tag, purification from E. coli, in pGP172), available in Jörg Stülke's lab
pGP93 (N-terminal Strep-tag, purification from B. subtilis, for SPINE, in pGP380), available in Jörg Stülke's lab, PubMed
GP1215 (chromosomal eno-Strep fusion, spc), purification from B. subtilis, for SPINE, available in Jörg Stülke's lab
Two-hybrid system
B. pertussis adenylate cyclase-based bacterial two hybrid system (BACTH), available in Jörg Stülke's lab, PubMed
FLAG-tag construct
GP1214 (spc, based on pGP1331), available in Jörg Stülke's lab PubMed
LacZ fusion
see pgk
GFP fusion
pHT315-yfp-eno, available in Mijakovic lab
GP1700 (in pBP43), expression of eno-GFP::spc under the native promoter, available in Jörg Stülke's lab PubMed
Labs working on this gene/protein
Jörg Stülke, University of Göttingen, Germany Homepage
References
Reviews
Ul Haq I, Brantl SMoonlighting in Bacillus subtilis: The Small Proteins SR1P and SR7P Regulate the Moonlighting Activity of Glyceraldehyde 3-Phosphate Dehydrogenase A (GapA) and Enolase in RNA Degradation.Microorganisms. 2021 May 12; 9(5). PMID: 34066298
Reed GH, Poyner RR, Larsen TM, Wedekind JE, Rayment I Structural and mechanistic studies of enolase. Current opinion in structural biology. 1996 Dec; 6(6):736-43. . PMID:8994873
Original Publications
Haq IU, Müller P, Brantl SA comprehensive study of the interactions in the B. subtilis degradosome with special emphasis on the role of the small proteins SR1P and SR7P.Molecular microbiology. 2023 Nov 22; . PMID: 37994189
O'Reilly FJ, Graziadei A, Forbrig C, Bremenkamp R, Charles K, Lenz S, Elfmann C, Fischer L, Stülke J, Rappsilber JProtein complexes in cells by AI-assisted structural proteomics.Molecular systems biology. 2023 Feb 23; :e11544. PMID: 36815589
Zhang K, Li S, Wang Y, Wang Z, Mulvenna N, Yang H, Zhang P, Chen H, Li Y, Wang H, Gao Y, Wigneshweraraj S, Matthews S, Zhang K, Liu BBacteriophage protein PEIP is a potent Bacillus subtilis enolase inhibitor.Cell reports. 2022 Jul 5; 40(1):111026. PMID: 35793626
de Jong L, de Koning EA, Roseboom W, Buncherd H, Wanner MJ, Dapic I, Jansen PJ, van Maarseveen JH, Corthals GL, Lewis PJ, Hamoen LW, de Koster CG In-Culture Cross-Linking of Bacterial Cells Reveals Large-Scale Dynamic Protein-Protein Interactions at the Peptide Level. Journal of proteome research. 2017 Jul 07; 16(7):2457-2471. doi:10.1021/acs.jproteome.7b00068. PMID:28516784
Commichau FM, Pietack N, Stülke J Essential genes in Bacillus subtilis: a re-evaluation after ten years. Molecular bioSystems. 2013 Jun; 9(6):1068-75. doi:10.1039/c3mb25595f. PMID:23420519
Newman JA, Hewitt L, Rodrigues C, Solovyova AS, Harwood CR, Lewis RJ Dissection of the network of interactions that links RNA processing with glycolysis in the Bacillus subtilis degradosome. Journal of molecular biology. 2012 Feb 10; 416(1):121-36. doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2011.12.024. PMID:22198292
Lehnik-Habrink M, Newman J, Rothe FM, Solovyova AS, Rodrigues C, Herzberg C, Commichau FM, Lewis RJ, Stülke J RNase Y in Bacillus subtilis: a Natively disordered protein that is the functional equivalent of RNase E from Escherichia coli. Journal of bacteriology. 2011 Oct; 193(19):5431-41. doi:10.1128/JB.05500-11. PMID:21803996
Lehnik-Habrink M, Pförtner H, Rempeters L, Pietack N, Herzberg C, Stülke J The RNA degradosome in Bacillus subtilis: identification of CshA as the major RNA helicase in the multiprotein complex. Molecular microbiology. 2010 Aug; 77(4):958-71. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07264.x. PMID:20572937
Commichau FM, Rothe FM, Herzberg C, Wagner E, Hellwig D, Lehnik-Habrink M, Hammer E, Völker U, Stülke J Novel activities of glycolytic enzymes in Bacillus subtilis: interactions with essential proteins involved in mRNA processing. Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP. 2009 Jun; 8(6):1350-60. doi:10.1074/mcp.M800546-MCP200. PMID:19193632
Eymann C, Becher D, Bernhardt J, Gronau K, Klutzny A, Hecker M Dynamics of protein phosphorylation on Ser/Thr/Tyr in Bacillus subtilis. Proteomics. 2007 Oct; 7(19):3509-26. . PMID:17726680
Jannière L, Canceill D, Suski C, Kanga S, Dalmais B, Lestini R, Monnier AF, Chapuis J, Bolotin A, Titok M, Le Chatelier E, Ehrlich SD Genetic evidence for a link between glycolysis and DNA replication. PloS one. 2007 May 16; 2(5):e447. . PMID:17505547
Macek B, Mijakovic I, Olsen JV, Gnad F, Kumar C, Jensen PR, Mann M The serine/threonine/tyrosine phosphoproteome of the model bacterium Bacillus subtilis. Molecular & cellular proteomics : MCP. 2007 Apr; 6(4):697-707. . PMID:17218307
Ehinger S, Schubert WD, Bergmann S, Hammerschmidt S, Heinz DW Plasmin(ogen)-binding alpha-enolase from Streptococcus pneumoniae: crystal structure and evaluation of plasmin(ogen)-binding sites. Journal of molecular biology. 2004 Oct 29; 343(4):997-1005. . PMID:15476816
Eymann C, Dreisbach A, Albrecht D, Bernhardt J, Becher D, Gentner S, Tam le T, Büttner K, Buurman G, Scharf C, Venz S, Völker U, Hecker M A comprehensive proteome map of growing Bacillus subtilis cells. Proteomics. 2004 Oct; 4(10):2849-76. . PMID:15378759
Blencke HM, Homuth G, Ludwig H, Mäder U, Hecker M, Stülke J Transcriptional profiling of gene expression in response to glucose in Bacillus subtilis: regulation of the central metabolic pathways. Metabolic engineering. 2003 Apr; 5(2):133-49. . PMID:12850135
Ludwig H, Homuth G, Schmalisch M, Dyka FM, Hecker M, Stülke J Transcription of glycolytic genes and operons in Bacillus subtilis: evidence for the presence of multiple levels of control of the gapA operon. Molecular microbiology. 2001 Jul; 41(2):409-22. . PMID:11489127
Brown CK, Kuhlman PL, Mattingly S, Slates K, Calie PJ, Farrar WW A model of the quaternary structure of enolases, based on structural and evolutionary analysis of the octameric enolase from Bacillus subtilis. Journal of protein chemistry. 1998 Nov; 17(8):855-66. . PMID:9988532
Leyva-Vazquez MA, Setlow P Cloning and nucleotide sequences of the genes encoding triose phosphate isomerase, phosphoglycerate mutase, and enolase from Bacillus subtilis. Journal of bacteriology. 1994 Jul; 176(13):3903-10. . PMID:8021172
Singh RP, Setlow P Enolase from spores and cells of Bacillus megaterium: two-step purification of the enzyme and some of its properties. Journal of bacteriology. 1978 Apr; 134(1):353-5. . PMID:25885
Subcellular localization of enolase
Oviedo-Bocanegra LM, Hinrichs R, Rotter DAO, Dersch S, Graumann PLSingle molecule/particle tracking analysis program SMTracker 2.0 reveals different dynamics of proteins within the RNA degradosome complex in Bacillus subtilis.Nucleic acids research. 2021 Aug 20; . PMID: 34417617
El Najjar N, El Andari J, Kaimer C, Fritz G, Rösch TC, Graumann PL Study of DNA translocases inby single molecule tracking reveals strikingly different dynamics of SftA, SpoIIIE and FtsA. Applied and environmental microbiology. 2018 Feb 09; . pii:AEM.02610-17. doi:10.1128/AEM.02610-17. PMID:29439991
Cascante-Estepa N, Gunka K, Stülke J Localization of Components of the RNA-Degrading Machine in Bacillus subtilis. Frontiers in microbiology. 2016; 7:1492. . PMID:27708634
Yang CK, Zhang XZ, Lu CD, Tai PC An internal hydrophobic helical domain of Bacillus subtilis enolase is essential but not sufficient as a non-cleavable signal for its secretion. Biochemical and biophysical research communications. 2014 Apr 18; 446(4):901-5. doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2014.03.032. pii:S0006-291X(14)00466-5. PMID:24642254
Yang CK, Ewis HE, Zhang X, Lu CD, Hu HJ, Pan Y, Abdelal AT, Tai PC Nonclassical protein secretion by Bacillus subtilis in the stationary phase is not due to cell lysis. Journal of bacteriology. 2011 Oct; 193(20):5607-15. doi:10.1128/JB.05897-11. PMID:21856851
Jers C, Pedersen MM, Paspaliari DK, Schütz W, Johnsson C, Soufi B, Macek B, Jensen PR, Mijakovic I Bacillus subtilis BY-kinase PtkA controls enzyme activity and localization of its protein substrates. Molecular microbiology. 2010 Jul; 77(2):287-99. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2958.2010.07227.x. PMID:20497499
Hahne H, Wolff S, Hecker M, Becher D From complementarity to comprehensiveness--targeting the membrane proteome of growing Bacillus subtilis by divergent approaches. Proteomics. 2008 Oct; 8(19):4123-36. doi:10.1002/pmic.200800258. PMID:18763711
Meile JC, Wu LJ, Ehrlich SD, Errington J, Noirot P Systematic localisation of proteins fused to the green fluorescent protein in Bacillus subtilis: identification of new proteins at the DNA replication factory. Proteomics. 2006 Apr; 6(7):2135-46. . PMID:16479537
Boël G, Pichereau V, Mijakovic I, Mazé A, Poncet S, Gillet S, Giard JC, Hartke A, Auffray Y, Deutscher J Is 2-phosphoglycerate-dependent automodification of bacterial enolases implicated in their export? Journal of molecular biology. 2004 Mar 19; 337(2):485-96. . PMID:15003462

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Time of last update: 2025-04-04 06:46:54

Author of last update: Jstuelk