YtvA

• Description: blue light sensor, positive regulation of SigB activity under conditions of blue light
  
  

Gene name	ytvA
Synonyms
Essential	no
Product	blue light receptor, flavoprotein
Function	control of SigB activity
Gene expression levels in SubtiExpress: ytvA
Interactions involving this protein in SubtInteract: YtvA
MW, pI	29 kDa, 4.69
Gene length, protein length	783 bp, 261 aa
Immediate neighbours	ytvB, yttB
Sequences	Protein DNA DNA_with_flanks
Genetic context This image was kindly provided by SubtiList
Expression at a glance   PubMed

Categories containing this gene/protein

sigma factors and their control

This gene is a member of the following regulons

Spx regulon

The gene

Basic information

• Locus tag: BSU30340

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU30340

• DBTBS entry: no entry

• SubtiList entry: [1]

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity:
  • mediates light-dependent stimulation of RsbT kinase activity PubMed
• Protein family:

• Paralogous protein(s): RsbR, RsbRB, RsbRC, RsbRD, YtvA

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains:
  • PAS domain
  • LOV domain, STAS domain

• Modification:

• Cofactor(s): FMN

• Effectors of protein activity:
  • YtvA-dependent light activation of the SigB stress response is positively and negatively regulated by RsbRA and RsbRB, respectively PubMed

• Interactions:
  • forms dimers PubMed
  • YtvA-RsbRA PubMed
  • YtvA-RsbRD PubMed
  • part of the stressosome PubMed

• Localization:

Database entries

• BsubCyc: BSU30340

• Structure: 2PR5 (dark), 2PR6 (light)

• UniProt: O34627

• KEGG entry: [2]

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon:

• Expression browser: ytvA PubMed

• Sigma factor:

• Regulation:
  • induced under conditions of disulfide stress (Spx) PubMed

• Regulatory mechanism:
  • Spx: transcription activation PubMed

• Additional information:
  • number of protein molecules per cell (minimal medium with glucose and ammonium): 42 PubMed
  • number of protein molecules per cell (complex medium with amino acids, without glucose): 127 PubMed

Biological materials

• Mutant:
  • 1A965 ( ytvA::erm), PubMed, available at BGSC

• Expression vector:
  • pGP2685, expression of His-YtvA in E. coli (based on pGP570), available in Jörg Stülke's lab

• lacZ fusion:

• GFP fusion:

• two-hybrid system:

• Antibody:

Labs working on this gene/protein

• Chet Price, Davis, USA homepage

References

Reviews

Julien Herrou, Sean Crosson
Function, structure and mechanism of bacterial photosensory LOV proteins.
Nat Rev Microbiol: 2011, 9(10);713-23
[PubMed:21822294] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Erin B Purcell, Sean Crosson
Photoregulation in prokaryotes.
Curr Opin Microbiol: 2008, 11(2);168-78
[PubMed:18400553] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Original publications

Francesca Pennacchietti, Stefania Abbruzzetti, Aba Losi, Carmen Mandalari, Roberta Bedotti, Cristiano Viappiani, Francesca Cella Zanacchi, Alberto Diaspro, Wolfgang Gärtner
The dark recovery rate in the photocycle of the bacterial photoreceptor YtvA is affected by the cellular environment and by hydration.
PLoS One: 2014, 9(9);e107489
[PubMed:25211155] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Matthias Dorn, Marcel Jurk, Anne Wartenberg, Aaron Hahn, Peter Schmieder
LOV takes a pick: thermodynamic and structural aspects of the flavin-LOV-interaction of the blue-light sensitive photoreceptor YtvA from Bacillus subtilis.
PLoS One: 2013, 8(11);e81268
[PubMed:24278408] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I e)

Sang-Hun Song, Dorte Madsen, Jeroen B van der Steen, Robert Pullman, Lucy H Freer, Klaas J Hellingwerf, Delmar S Larsen
Primary photochemistry of the dark- and light-adapted states of the YtvA protein from Bacillus subtilis.
Biochemistry: 2013, 52(45);7951-63
[PubMed:24171435] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Mario R Silva, Madina Mansurova, Wolfgang Gärtner, Walter Thiel
Photophysics of structurally modified flavin derivatives in the blue-light photoreceptor YtvA: a combined experimental and theoretical study.
Chembiochem: 2013, 14(13);1648-61
[PubMed:23940057] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Christopher Engelhard, Sarah Raffelberg, Yifen Tang, Ralph P Diensthuber, Andreas Möglich, Aba Losi, Wolfgang Gärtner, Robert Bittl
A structural model for the full-length blue light-sensing protein YtvA from Bacillus subtilis, based on EPR spectroscopy.
Photochem Photobiol Sci: 2013, 12(10);1855-63
[PubMed:23900620] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Xiangfei Song, Yefei Wang, Zhiyu Shu, Jingbo Hong, Tong Li, Lishan Yao
Engineering a more thermostable blue light photo receptor Bacillus subtilis YtvA LOV domain by a computer aided rational design method.
PLoS Comput Biol: 2013, 9(7);e1003129
[PubMed:23861663] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Sarah Raffelberg, Alexander Gutt, Wolfgang Gärtner, Carmen Mandalari, Stefania Abbruzzetti, Cristiano Viappiani, Aba Losi
The amino acids surrounding the flavin 7a-methyl group determine the UVA spectral features of a LOV protein.
Biol Chem: 2013, 394(11);1517-28
[PubMed:23828427] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Jeroen B van der Steen, Yusuke Nakasone, Johnny Hendriks, Klaas J Hellingwerf
Modeling the functioning of YtvA in the general stress response in Bacillus subtilis.
Mol Biosyst: 2013, 9(9);2331-43
[PubMed:23817467] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Madina Mansurova, Julian Simon, Susanne Salzmann, Christel M Marian, Wolfgang Gärtner
Spectroscopic and theoretical study on electronically modified chromophores in LOV domains: 8-bromo- and 8-trifluoromethyl-substituted flavins.
Chembiochem: 2013, 14(5);645-54
[PubMed:23456923] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Marcel Jurk, Philipp Schramm, Peter Schmieder
The blue-light receptor YtvA from Bacillus subtilis is permanently incorporated into the stressosome independent of the illumination state.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun: 2013, 432(3);499-503
[PubMed:23416074] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Aba Losi, Wolfgang Gärtner, Sarah Raffelberg, Francesca Cella Zanacchi, Paolo Bianchini, Alberto Diaspro, Carmen Mandalari, Stefania Abbruzzetti, Cristiano Viappiani
A photochromic bacterial photoreceptor with potential for super-resolution microscopy.
Photochem Photobiol Sci: 2013, 12(2);231-5
[PubMed:23047813] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Jeroen B van der Steen, Marcela Avila-Pérez, Doreen Knippert, Angie Vreugdenhil, Pascal van Alphen, Klaas J Hellingwerf
Differentiation of function among the RsbR paralogs in the general stress response of Bacillus subtilis with regard to light perception.
J Bacteriol: 2012, 194(7);1708-16
[PubMed:22287516] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Matthias Dorn, Marcel Jurk, Peter Schmieder
Blue news update: BODIPY-GTP binds to the blue-light receptor YtvA while GTP does not.
PLoS One: 2012, 7(1);e29201
[PubMed:22247770] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Marcel Jurk, Matthias Dorn, Peter Schmieder
Blue flickers of hope: secondary structure, dynamics, and putative dimerization interface of the blue-light receptor YtvA from Bacillus subtilis.
Biochemistry: 2011, 50(38);8163-71
[PubMed:21851109] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Sarah Raffelberg, Madina Mansurova, Wolfgang Gärtner, Aba Losi
Modulation of the photocycle of a LOV domain photoreceptor by the hydrogen-bonding network.
J Am Chem Soc: 2011, 133(14);5346-56
[PubMed:21410163] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Yusuke Nakasone, Klaas J Hellingwerf
On the binding of BODIPY-GTP by the photosensory protein YtvA from the common soil bacterium Bacillus subtilis.
Photochem Photobiol: 2011, 87(3);542-7
[PubMed:21388385] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Madina Mansurova, Pierre Scheercousse, Julian Simon, Marianne Kluth, Wolfgang Gärtner
Chromophore exchange in the blue light-sensitive photoreceptor YtvA from Bacillus subtilis.
Chembiochem: 2011, 12(4);641-6
[PubMed:21259411] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Marcel Jurk, Matthias Dorn, Alexey Kikhney, Dmitri Svergun, Wolfgang Gärtner, Peter Schmieder
The switch that does not flip: the blue-light receptor YtvA from Bacillus subtilis adopts an elongated dimer conformation independent of the activation state as revealed by a combined AUC and SAXS study.
J Mol Biol: 2010, 403(1);78-87
[PubMed:20800068] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Yifen Tang, Zhen Cao, Elsa Livoti, Ulrich Krauss, Karl-Erich Jaeger, Wolfgang Gärtner, Aba Losi
Interdomain signalling in the blue-light sensing and GTP-binding protein YtvA: a mutagenesis study uncovering the importance of specific protein sites.
Photochem Photobiol Sci: 2010, 9(1);47-56
[PubMed:20062844] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Susanne Salzmann, Mario R Silva-Junior, Walter Thiel, Christel M Marian
Influence of the LOV domain on low-lying excited states of flavin: a combined quantum-mechanics/molecular-mechanics investigation.
J Phys Chem B: 2009, 113(47);15610-8
[PubMed:19891470] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Ulrich Krauss, Bui Quang Minh, Aba Losi, Wolfgang Gärtner, Thorsten Eggert, Arndt von Haeseler, Karl-Erich Jaeger
Distribution and phylogeny of light-oxygen-voltage-blue-light-signaling proteins in the three kingdoms of life.
J Bacteriol: 2009, 191(23);7234-42
[PubMed:19783626] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Marcela Avila-Pérez, Jocelyne Vreede, Yifen Tang, Onno Bende, Aba Losi, Wolfgang Gärtner, Klaas Hellingwerf
In vivo mutational analysis of YtvA from Bacillus subtilis: mechanism of light activation of the general stress response.
J Biol Chem: 2009, 284(37);24958-64
[PubMed:19581299] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (I p)

Andreas Möglich, Keith Moffat
Structural basis for light-dependent signaling in the dimeric LOV domain of the photosensor YtvA.
J Mol Biol: 2007, 373(1);112-26
[PubMed:17764689] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Noriko Suzuki, Naoki Takaya, Takayuki Hoshino, Akira Nakamura
Enhancement of a sigma(B)-dependent stress response in Bacillus subtilis by light via YtvA photoreceptor.
J Gen Appl Microbiol: 2007, 53(2);81-8
[PubMed:17575448] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Valentina Buttani, Wolfgang Gärtner, Aba Losi
NTP-binding properties of the blue-light receptor YtvA and effects of the E105L mutation.
Eur Biophys J: 2007, 36(7);831-9
[PubMed:17443319] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Valentina Buttani, Aba Losi, Thorsten Eggert, Ulrich Krauss, Karl-Erich Jaeger, Zhen Cao, Wolfgang Gärtner
Conformational analysis of the blue-light sensing protein YtvA reveals a competitive interface for LOV-LOV dimerization and interdomain interactions.
Photochem Photobiol Sci: 2007, 6(1);41-9
[PubMed:17200735] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Marcela Avila-Pérez, Klaas J Hellingwerf, Remco Kort
Blue light activates the sigmaB-dependent stress response of Bacillus subtilis via YtvA.
J Bacteriol: 2006, 188(17);6411-4
[PubMed:16923909] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Tatiana A Gaidenko, Tae-Jong Kim, Andrea L Weigel, Margaret S Brody, Chester W Price
The blue-light receptor YtvA acts in the environmental stress signaling pathway of Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2006, 188(17);6387-95
[PubMed:16923906] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Valentina Buttani, Aba Losi, Eugenia Polverini, Wolfgang Gärtner
Blue news: NTP binding properties of the blue-light sensitive YtvA protein from Bacillus subtilis.
FEBS Lett: 2006, 580(16);3818-22
[PubMed:16797012] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Aba Losi, Elisa Ghiraldelli, Sven Jansen, Wolfgang Gärtner
Mutational effects on protein structural changes and interdomain interactions in the blue-light sensing LOV protein YtvA.
Photochem Photobiol: 2005, 81(5);1145-52
[PubMed:16022561] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Aba Losi, Elena Ternelli, Wolfgang Gärtner
Tryptophan fluorescence in the Bacillus subtilis phototropin-related protein YtvA as a marker of interdomain interaction.
Photochem Photobiol: 2004, 80;150-3
[PubMed:15339223] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

Aba Losi, Eugenia Polverini, Benjamin Quest, Wolfgang Gärtner
First evidence for phototropin-related blue-light receptors in prokaryotes.
Biophys J: 2002, 82(5);2627-34
[PubMed:11964249] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)

S Akbar, T A Gaidenko, C M Kang, M O'Reilly, K M Devine, C W Price
New family of regulators in the environmental signaling pathway which activates the general stress transcription factor sigma(B) of Bacillus subtilis.
J Bacteriol: 2001, 183(4);1329-38
[PubMed:11157946] [WorldCat.org] [DOI] (P p)