Spx

• Description: Transcriptional regulator Spx, involved in regulation of many genes.
  
  

Gene name	spx
Synonyms	yjbD
Essential	no
Product	transcriptional regulator Spx
Function	negative and positive regulator of many genes
MW, pI	15,5 kDa, 7.80
Gene length, protein length	393 bp, 131 amino acids
Immediate neighbours	yjbC, yjbE
Gene sequence (+200bp)	Protein sequence
Genetic context File:GenE context.gif

The gene

Basic information

• Coordinates:

From To Direction Type 1227010 1227402 + CDS 1227427 1227442 + terminator

Phenotypes of a mutant

Loss of up-regulation of the methionine sulfoxide reductase (mrsA-mrsB) operon in response to thiol specific oxidative stress, also loss of trxA and trxB upregulation in response to thiol specific oxidative stress.

Database entries

• DBTBS entry: [1]

• SubtiList entry:

The protein

Basic information/ Evolution

• Catalyzed reaction/ biological activity: Transcriptional regulator of many genes in response to thiol specific oxidative stress. In addition, Spx inhibits transcription by binding to the C-terminal domain of the alpha subunit of RNAP (RpoA), disrupting complex formation between RNAP and certain transcriptional activator proteins like ResD and ComA. In response to thiol specific oxidative stress, Spx can also activate transcription, making it a general regulator that exerts both positive and negative control over transcription initiation.

• Protein family: Arsenate Reductase (ArsC) family, Spx subfamily

• Paralogous protein(s): MgsR

Extended information on the protein

• Kinetic information:

• Domains: CXXC (10-13): Acts as a disulfide switch for the redox-sensitive transcriptional regulation of genes that function in thiol homeostasis.

• Modification: Cysteine oxidation of the CXXC motif

• Cofactor(s):

• Effectors of protein activity:

• Interactions: Spx-RpoA (C-terminal domain)

• Localization:

Database entries

• Structure:

• Swiss prot entry:

• KEGG entry:

• E.C. number:

Expression and regulation

• Operon: yjbC-spx, spx

• Sigma factor: four promoters upstream of yjbC: SigW, SigB, SigX, and unknown sigma PubMed

two promoters upstream of spx: SigA, SigW PubMed

• Regulation: Transcription is represed by PerR and YodB

• Regulatory mechanism: transcription repression

• Additional information:Post-translational control by ClpX-ClpP: Spx naturally contains a C-terminal sequence that resembles the SsrA tag and targets the protein for degradation. PubMed

Proteolysis is enhanced by YjbH. PubMed

References

1. Author1, Author2 & Author3 (year) Title Journal volume: page-page. PubMed